Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Neurology, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Daejin Medical Center, Seongnam, South Korea.
Prog Brain Res. 2020;255:343-369. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.014. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
Melatonin is a ubiquitously distributed molecule that possesses diverse functions. Melatonin plays a key role in the endogenous circadian rhythms of humans via light stimulation in the hypothalamus. In addition, melatonin has roles in the opioid system, the nitric oxide pathway, free radical scavenging, inflammation, and antinociception. Melatonin is nontoxic and relatively safe. Recently, exogenous melatonin has been shown to have significant effects in the treatment of migraine. Further, it has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of sleep disorders, including insomnia, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, parasomnias, and sleep breathing disorders. Sleep disorders are commonly reported by those who experience migraine, and migraine and sleep disorders have been reported to be closely associated in cross-sectional studies. Longitudinal studies have shown that some sleep disorders and migraine show bidirectional comorbidities. Therefore, the identification and treatment of sleep disorders is important when treating migraine. Melatonin represents a promising treatment strategy for both disorders, especially when these conditions are combined.
褪黑素是一种分布广泛的分子，具有多种功能。褪黑素通过下丘脑的光刺激在人体的内源性昼夜节律中发挥关键作用。此外，褪黑素在阿片系统、一氧化氮途径、自由基清除、炎症和镇痛作用中发挥作用。褪黑素无毒且相对安全。最近，外源性褪黑素已被证明在偏头痛的治疗中有显著效果。此外，它在治疗睡眠障碍方面也显示出疗效，包括失眠、昼夜节律睡眠-觉醒障碍、睡眠行为障碍和睡眠呼吸障碍。睡眠障碍是偏头痛患者常报告的问题，横断面研究报告偏头痛和睡眠障碍密切相关。纵向研究表明，一些睡眠障碍和偏头痛呈双向共病。因此，在治疗偏头痛时，识别和治疗睡眠障碍很重要。褪黑素是这两种疾病的一种很有前途的治疗策略，特别是当这些情况同时存在时。
