Draucker Claire Burke, Rawl Susan M, Vode Emilee, Fields Matthew, Elkins Candice, Morgan Olivia, Perez Sara R, Straber Lucy, Carter-Harris Lisa
Author Affiliations: Professor of Psychiatric Nursing (Dr Draucker), Professor (Dr Rawl), Project Manager (Ms Vode), and Nursing Baccalaureate Honors Student (Mr Fields and Mss Elkins, Morgan, Perez, and Straber), Indiana University School of Nursing; and Co-leader (Dr Rawl), Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis; and Associate Attending Behavioral Scientist and Associate Research Director (Dr Carter-Harris), Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Clin Nurse Spec. 2020 Nov/Dec;34(6):282-289. doi: 10.1097/NUR.0000000000000555.
PURPOSE/AIMS: Smoking-related stigma is manifested in the everyday social interactions of persons who smoke and can result in low self-esteem, diminished self-efficacy, and resistance to smoking cessation. The purpose of this study was to describe smoking-related social interactions as experienced by persons with a history of long-term smoking.
This study used a qualitative descriptive approach.
This study is part of a larger study designed to identify factors that influence lung cancer screening participation. Data were drawn from 39 qualitative interviews with persons from the parent study. All descriptions about smoking-related social interactions found in the narratives were extracted, coded, categorized, and summarized with content analytic techniques.
Seven different types of social interactions were identified: (a) being looked down on for smoking, (b) being humiliated for smoking in public, (c) being banished while smoking, (d) being blamed for one's health problems, (e) not "really" being blamed for smoking, (f) being told "just quit," and (g) being worried about hurting others.
Clinical nurse specialists should promote antismoking campaigns that are not stigmatizing, discuss health risks of smoking in a respectful manner, provide evidence-based cessation resources, improve communication with persons who smoke, and address stigma in programs to improve screening for smoking-related illnesses.
目的/目标：与吸烟相关的污名化体现在吸烟者的日常社交互动中，可能导致自尊心低落、自我效能感降低以及对戒烟的抵触情绪。本研究的目的是描述有长期吸烟史者所经历的与吸烟相关的社交互动。
本研究采用定性描述方法。
本研究是一项旨在确定影响肺癌筛查参与因素的大型研究的一部分。数据来自对母研究中人员的39次定性访谈。叙事中发现的所有与吸烟相关的社交互动描述均通过内容分析技术进行提取、编码、分类和总结。
确定了七种不同类型的社交互动：（a）因吸烟而被看不起，（b）在公共场合吸烟而受到羞辱，（c）吸烟时被驱逐，（d）因健康问题而受到指责，（e）吸烟未真正受到指责，（f）被告知“戒烟就行”，以及（g）担心伤害他人。
临床护理专家应开展无污名化的反吸烟运动，以尊重的方式讨论吸烟的健康风险，提供基于证据的戒烟资源，改善与吸烟者的沟通，并在项目中解决污名化问题，以改善对吸烟相关疾病的筛查。
