Bio-heat response of skin tissue based on three-phase-lag model.

In this article, the thermal response of skin tissue is investigated based on three-phase-lag (TPL) model of heat conduction. The governing equation of bio-heat conduction is established by introducing both the TPL model of heat conduction and a modified energy conservation equation. The analytical solution is obtained by adopting the method of separation of variables and a parametric study on temperature responses in TPL model is carried out. It is shown that the TPL model can predict both the diffusion and wave characteristics of bio-heat conduction. Increasing the phase-lag of thermal displacement gradient would result in the rise of thermal propagation speed and decrease the temperature in affected zone. The perfusion rate of arterial blood has no obvious effect on thermal propagation velocity and thermal propagation lagging. Increasing of the rate of blood perfusion contributes to decreasing the temperature of steady state.