Teixeira Vitor, Maciel Patrícia, Costa Vítor
i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade of Porto, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2021 Jan;1866(1):158820. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158820. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous fat storage organelles composed of a neutral lipid core, comprising triacylglycerols (TAG) and sterol esters (SEs), surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer membrane with several decorating proteins. Recently, LD biology has come to the foreground of research due to their importance for energy homeostasis and cellular stress response. As aberrant LD accumulation and lipid depletion are hallmarks of numerous diseases, addressing LD biogenesis and turnover provides a new framework for understanding disease-related mechanisms. Here we discuss the potential role of LDs in neurodegeneration, while making some predictions on how LD imbalance can contribute to pathophysiology in the brain.
脂滴（LDs）是普遍存在的脂肪储存细胞器，由中性脂质核心组成，该核心包含三酰甘油（TAG）和甾醇酯（SEs），周围环绕着带有几种修饰蛋白的磷脂单分子层膜。最近，由于脂滴对能量稳态和细胞应激反应的重要性，脂滴生物学已成为研究的前沿领域。由于异常的脂滴积累和脂质消耗是众多疾病的标志，因此研究脂滴的生物合成和周转为理解疾病相关机制提供了一个新的框架。在这里，我们讨论脂滴在神经退行性变中的潜在作用，同时对脂滴失衡如何导致大脑病理生理学做出一些预测。
