Koskinen P, Vuorinen T, Meurman O
Epidemiol Infect. 1987 Aug;99(1):55-64. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800066863.
Enzyme immunoassays (EIA) for IgG and IgM antibodies against influenza A and B virus are described. One hundred and seven subjects with a clinical diagnosis of acute respiratory infection (influenza, bronchitis or pneumonia) were selected for this study during two epidemics of influenza A which occurred in Finland in 1983 and 1985. Paired sera and nasopharyngeal secretions were obtained from all subjects. The sera were tested for influenza A and B antibodies by IgG and IgM EIAs and by complement fixation tests. The nasopharyngeal secretions were tested by an indirect EIA for influenza A and B antigens. The IgG EIA was found to be better than complement fixation for the diagnosis of influenza A infections: only 22% of the significant increases detected by this test were also positive by complement fixation. The additional contribution of the IgM EIA to the number of positives was minimal. It was also found that testing a single 1/1000 dilution of serum for influenza A and 1/100 dilution for influenza B in the IgG EIA gave as many positives as the conventional method of testing several dilutions.
本文描述了针对甲型和乙型流感病毒IgG和IgM抗体的酶免疫测定（EIA）。在1983年和1985年芬兰发生的两次甲型流感流行期间，选择了107例临床诊断为急性呼吸道感染（流感、支气管炎或肺炎）的患者进行本研究。从所有受试者中获取配对血清和鼻咽分泌物。通过IgG和IgM EIA以及补体结合试验检测血清中的甲型和乙型流感抗体。通过间接EIA检测鼻咽分泌物中的甲型和乙型流感抗原。发现IgG EIA在诊断甲型流感感染方面优于补体结合试验：该试验检测到的显著升高病例中，只有22%通过补体结合试验呈阳性。IgM EIA对阳性病例数的额外贡献极小。还发现，在IgG EIA中，检测单一1/1000稀释度的甲型流感血清和1/100稀释度的乙型流感血清所获得的阳性结果与检测多个稀释度的传统方法一样多。
