Deng Meng-Zhao, Abdelfattah Mohamed Y, Baldwin Michael C, Weaver Edward M, Liu Zi-Jun
Department Orthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.
J Transl Sci. 2020 Oct;6(5). doi: 10.15761/jts.1000374. Epub 2020 Jan 27.
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is a strong risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood and current treatment strategies for OSA and obesity have critical limitations. Thus, establishment of an obesity-related large animal model with spontaneous OSA is imperative.
Natural and sedated sleep were monitored and characterized in 4 obese (body mass index - BMI>48) and 3 non-obese (BMI<40) minipigs. These minipigs were instrumented with the BioRadio system under sedation for the wireless recording of respiratory airflow, snoring, abdominal and chest respiratory movements, electroencephalogram, electrooclulogram, electromyogram, and oxygen saturation. After instrumentation, the minipigs were placed in a dark room with a remote night-vision camera for monitoring all behaviors. Wakefulness and different sleep stages were classified, and episodes of apneas and/or hypopneas were identified during natural and/or sedated sleep.
No hypopnea episodes were observed in two of the non-obese minipigs, but one non-obese minipig had 5 hypopnea events. Heavy snoring and 27-58 apnea and/or hypopnea episodes were identified in all 4 obese minipigs. Most of these episodes occurred in the rapid eye movement stage during natural sleep and/or sedated sleep in Yucatan minipigs.
Obese minipigs can experience naturally occurring OSA, thus are an ideal large animal model for obese-related OSA studies.
肥胖已达到流行程度，是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的一个重要危险因素。然而，其潜在机制尚不清楚，目前针对OSA和肥胖的治疗策略存在严重局限性。因此，建立一种与肥胖相关的自发性OSA大型动物模型势在必行。
对4只肥胖（体重指数 - BMI>48）和3只非肥胖（BMI<40）的小型猪进行自然睡眠和镇静睡眠监测及特征分析。这些小型猪在镇静状态下使用BioRadio系统进行仪器安装，以无线记录呼吸气流、打鼾、腹部和胸部呼吸运动、脑电图、眼电图、肌电图和血氧饱和度。仪器安装后，将小型猪放置在一个带有远程夜视摄像头的暗室中，以监测所有行为。对清醒状态和不同睡眠阶段进行分类，并在自然睡眠和/或镇静睡眠期间识别呼吸暂停和/或呼吸不足发作。
两只非肥胖小型猪未观察到呼吸不足发作，但一只非肥胖小型猪有5次呼吸不足事件。在所有4只肥胖小型猪中均发现重度打鼾以及27 - 58次呼吸暂停和/或呼吸不足发作。这些发作大多发生在尤卡坦小型猪自然睡眠和/或镇静睡眠期间的快速眼动阶段。
肥胖小型猪可自然发生OSA，因此是肥胖相关OSA研究的理想大型动物模型。
