Li Xiaohua, He Shikun, Zhao Mingwei
1Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
2Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou, China.
Aging Dis. 2020 Oct 1;11(5):1219-1234. doi: 10.14336/AD.2019.1126. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Epigenetics has been recognized to play an important role in physiological and pathological processes of the human body. Accumulating evidence has indicated that epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Although the susceptibility related to genetic variants has been revealed by genome-wide association studies, those genetic variants may predict AMD risk only in certain human populations. Other mechanisms, particularly those involving epigenetic factors, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Therefore, we briefly summarize the most recent reports related to such epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA, and the interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors in the pathogenesis of AMD.
表观遗传学已被认为在人体的生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用。越来越多的证据表明，表观遗传机制与年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的发病机制有关。尽管全基因组关联研究已经揭示了与基因变异相关的易感性，但这些基因变异可能仅在某些人群中预测AMD风险。其他机制，特别是那些涉及表观遗传因素的机制，可能在AMD的发病机制中起重要作用。因此，我们简要总结了与这种表观遗传机制相关的最新报道，包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA，以及遗传和表观遗传因素在AMD发病机制中的相互作用。
