Liu Xiaohao, Yang Xiaojun, Zhan Chaoning, Zhang Yan, Hou Jin, Yin Xuemin
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Oncol. 2020 Aug 18;10:1493. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01493. eCollection 2020.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland (SACC) is a rare malignant tumors of the head and neck region, but it is one of the most common malignant tumors that are prone to perineural invasion (PNI) of the head and neck. The prognosis of patients with SACC is strongly associated with the presence of perineural spread (PNS). Although many contributing factors have been reported, the mechanisms underlying the preferential destruction of the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) by tumors and the infiltration of the tumor microenvironment by nerve fibers in SACC, have received little research attention. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the characteristics of SACC in relation to the PNI, and then highlights the interplay between components of the tumor microenvironment and perineural niche, as well as their contributions to the PNI. Finally, we provide new insights into the possible mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of PNI, with particular emphasis on the role of extracellular vesicles that may serve as an attractive entry point in future studies.
涎腺腺样囊性癌（SACC）是头颈部区域一种罕见的恶性肿瘤，但它是头颈部最易发生神经周围侵犯（PNI）的常见恶性肿瘤之一。SACC患者的预后与神经周围扩散（PNS）的存在密切相关。尽管已报道了许多促成因素，但关于肿瘤对血神经屏障（BNB）的优先破坏机制以及SACC中神经纤维对肿瘤微环境的浸润，很少受到研究关注。本综述总结了目前关于SACC与PNI相关特征的知识，然后强调了肿瘤微环境和神经周围微环境各成分之间的相互作用，以及它们对PNI的作用。最后，我们对PNI发病机制的潜在机制提供了新的见解，特别强调了细胞外囊泡的作用，其可能成为未来研究有吸引力的切入点。
