Xiong Mingchen, Zhang Qi, Hu Weijie, Zhao Chongru, Lv Wenchang, Yi Yi, Wu Yiping, Wu Min
Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Sep 10;8:574223. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.574223. eCollection 2020.
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are an important stem cell type separated from adipose tissue, with the properties of multilineage differentiation, easy availability, high proliferation potential, and self-renewal. Exosomes are novel frontiers of intercellular communication regulating the biological behaviors of cells, such as angiogenesis, immune modulation, proliferation, and migration. ASC-derived exosomes (ASC-exos) are important components released by ASCs paracrine, possessing multiple biological activities. Tissue regeneration requires coordinated "vital networks" of multiple growth factors, proteases, progenitors, and immune cells producing inflammatory cytokines. Recently, as cell-to-cell messengers, ASC-exos have received much attention for the fact that they are important paracrine mediators contributing to their suitability for tissue regeneration. ASC-exos, with distinct properties by encapsulating various types of bioactive cargoes, are endowed with great application potential in tissue regeneration, mechanically via the migration and proliferation of repair cells, facilitation of the neovascularization, and other specific functions in different tissues. Here, this article elucidated the research progress of ASC-exos about tissue regeneration in plastic and cosmetic surgery, including skin anti-aging therapy, dermatitis improvement, wound healing, scar removal, flap transplantation, bone tissue repair and regeneration, obesity prevention, fat grafting, breast cancer, and breast reconstruction. Deciphering the biological properties of ASC-exos will provide further insights for exploring novel therapeutic strategies of tissue regeneration in plastic and cosmetic surgery.
脂肪来源干细胞（ASCs）是从脂肪组织中分离出来的一种重要干细胞类型，具有多向分化、易于获取、高增殖潜能和自我更新的特性。外泌体是细胞间通讯的新前沿，可调节细胞的生物学行为，如血管生成、免疫调节、增殖和迁移。ASC来源的外泌体（ASC-exos）是ASCs旁分泌释放的重要成分，具有多种生物学活性。组织再生需要多种生长因子、蛋白酶、祖细胞和产生炎性细胞因子的免疫细胞协调形成“重要网络”。最近，作为细胞间信使，ASC-exos因其是有助于组织再生的重要旁分泌介质而备受关注。ASC-exos通过包裹各种类型的生物活性物质而具有独特性质，在组织再生中具有巨大的应用潜力，可通过促进修复细胞的迁移和增殖、促进新血管形成以及在不同组织中的其他特定功能来实现。本文阐述了ASC-exos在整形美容外科组织再生方面的研究进展，包括皮肤抗衰治疗、改善皮炎、伤口愈合、祛疤、皮瓣移植、骨组织修复与再生、预防肥胖、脂肪移植、乳腺癌及乳房重建。解读ASC-exos的生物学特性将为探索整形美容外科组织再生的新治疗策略提供进一步的见解。
