Murata Chiharu, Gutiérrez-Castrellón Pedro, Pérez-Villatoro Fernando, García-Torres Itzhel, Enríquez-Flores Sergio, de la Mora-de la Mora Ignacio, Fernández-Lainez Cynthia, Werner Julieta, López-Velázquez Gabriel
Research Methodology Department. National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico.
General Hospital Dr. Manuel Gea González.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Oct 2;99(40):e22442. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022442.
Delivery methods during childbirth and their related gut microbiota profiles have important impacts on health later in life, they can contribute to the development of diseases such as obesity, whose highest prevalence rate is found among the Mexican child population. Coincidentally, Mexico has one of the highest global average annual rate increase in cesarean births (C-section). Since Mexico leads the world in childhood obesity, studying the relationship between childbirth delivery methods and gut microbiota profiles in this vulnerable population may be used to identify early risk factors for obesity in other developed and developing countries. The objective of this study is to determine the association between child delivery method and gut microbiota profiles in healthy Mexican newborns.Fecal samples of 57 term infants who participated in a randomized clinical trial in 2013 to study the safety of Agave fructans in newborns, were used in this study. DNA samples were extracted and used to characterize the microbiota composition using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The samples were further divided based on childbirth delivery method, as well as early diet. Gut microbiota profiles were determined and analyzed using cluster analysis followed by multiple correspondence analysis.An unusual high abundance of Proteobacteria was found in the gut microbiota of all Mexican infants studied, regardless of delivery method. Feces from infants born by C-section had low levels of Bacteroidetes, high levels of Firmicutes, especially Clostridium and Enterococcus, and a strikingly high ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F:B). Profiles enriched in Bacteroidetes and low F:B ratios, were strongly associated with vaginal delivery.The profile of gut microbiota associated with feces from Mexican infants born by C-section, may be added to the list of boosting factors for the worrying obesity epidemic in Mexico.
分娩方式及其相关的肠道微生物群特征对日后的健康有重要影响，它们可能导致肥胖等疾病的发生，而墨西哥儿童群体的肥胖患病率最高。巧合的是，墨西哥是全球剖宫产率年平均增长率最高的国家之一。由于墨西哥在儿童肥胖方面位居世界前列，研究这一弱势群体中分娩方式与肠道微生物群特征之间的关系，可能有助于识别其他发达国家和发展中国家肥胖的早期风险因素。本研究的目的是确定健康墨西哥新生儿的分娩方式与肠道微生物群特征之间的关联。本研究使用了2013年参与一项关于龙舌兰果聚糖在新生儿中安全性的随机临床试验的57名足月儿的粪便样本。提取DNA样本并使用高通量16S rRNA基因测序来表征微生物群组成。样本进一步根据分娩方式以及早期饮食进行划分。使用聚类分析和多重对应分析来确定和分析肠道微生物群特征。在所研究的所有墨西哥婴儿的肠道微生物群中，发现变形菌门的丰度异常高，无论分娩方式如何。剖宫产出生婴儿的粪便中拟杆菌门水平较低，厚壁菌门水平较高，尤其是梭菌属和肠球菌属，并且厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门（F:B）的比例极高。富含拟杆菌门且F:B比例低的特征与阴道分娩密切相关。与墨西哥剖宫产出生婴儿粪便相关的肠道微生物群特征，可能会被列入墨西哥令人担忧的肥胖流行的促进因素清单。
