Perondi Francesca, Lippi Ilaria, Marchetti Veronica, Bruno Barbara, Borrelli Antonio, Citi Simonetta
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, 56122 Pisa, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10124 Turin (TO), Italy.
Vet Sci. 2020 Oct 1;7(4):147. doi: 10.3390/vetsci7040147.
In patients affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD), some ultrasonographic (US) abnormalities have been shown to correlate better than others with the progression of the disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of the most frequent renal US abnormalities in dogs at different stages of CKD, and to investigate their association with CKD International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stages. Medical records and ultrasonographical report of 855 dogs were retrospectively included. The most frequent renal ultrasonographic abnormalities were: increased cortical echogenicity, abnormal ratio of cortico-medullary junction (C/M) and pyelectasia. A statistically significant difference in the prevalence of irregular contour, abnormal cortico-medullary junction, abnormal C/M, increased cortical echogenicity, and pyelectasia was found for dogs at different IRIS stages. The number of dogs with more than one US abnormality increased significantly with the progression of IRIS stage. In conclusion, increased cortical echogenicity, abnormal C/M junction and pyelectasia were the most prevalent US abnormalities in our CKD population. Although none of the US abnormalities showed a significantly higher prevalence, the number of dogs presenting > 3 US abnormalities increased significantly from IRIS 2 to IRIS 4. Renal US is an excellent ancillary diagnostic test, which should be used together with renal functional parameters, to monitor the progression of CKD.
在患有慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患者中，一些超声（US）异常表现与疾病进展的相关性比其他异常更好。本研究的目的是评估处于CKD不同阶段的犬类中最常见的肾脏超声异常的患病率，并研究它们与CKD国际肾脏利益协会（IRIS）分期的关联。回顾性纳入了855只犬的病历和超声报告。最常见的肾脏超声异常为：皮质回声增强、皮质髓质交界（C/M）比例异常和肾盂扩张。在不同IRIS分期的犬中，发现轮廓不规则、皮质髓质交界异常、C/M异常、皮质回声增强和肾盂扩张的患病率存在统计学显著差异。随着IRIS分期的进展，具有一种以上超声异常的犬只数量显著增加。总之，皮质回声增强、C/M交界异常和肾盂扩张是我们CKD群体中最常见的超声异常。虽然没有一种超声异常的患病率显著更高，但出现>3种超声异常的犬只数量从IRIS 2期到IRIS 4期显著增加。肾脏超声是一项出色的辅助诊断检查，应与肾功能参数一起用于监测CKD的进展。
