Indian Council of Agricultural Research- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (ICAR-NIVEDI), Bangalore, India.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2021 Jul;68(4):2199-2208. doi: 10.1111/tbed.13871. Epub 2020 Oct 18.
Brucellosis in small ruminants caused mainly due to Brucella melitensis is an important zoonotic disease characterized by abortion, retained placenta, infertility, orchitis, epididymitis and rarely arthritis. Small ruminants are the main source of economy for the rural and marginally poor farmers and brucellosis is resulting in huge economic losses due to abortions and infertility and causing public health concern among the small ruminant keepers. Bovine brucellosis control programme has been implemented in India and small ruminants are left out of the programme mainly due to paucity of brucellosis status. The present cross-sectional study based on stratified random sampling was undertaken during 2017-18 to provide the nationwide brucellosis sero-prevalence in small ruminants. A total of 24,056 small ruminant serum samples (sheep samples = 8,103 [male-2,440 and female-5,663] and goat samples = 15,953 [male-4,331 and female-11,622]) sourced from 27 out of 29 states and two out of seven union territories (UTs), 350 districts of total 640 districts (54.68% of the Indian districts) and from 1,462 villages out of 6,40,867 villages (43.83% of the Indian villages). The serum samples were tested by indirect ELISA and overall brucellosis apparent and true prevalence of 7.45 (95% CI: 7.13-7.79) and 3.79 (95% CI: 3.44-4.17) was recorded. Significantly higher brucellosis sero-prevalence (p < .0001) was observed in sheep (11.55%) than goats (5.37%). Similarly, brucellosis seropositivity was highly significant in females compared to males in both sheep and goats. Countrywide, greater than 5% brucellosis sero-prevalence in sheep and goats was recorded in 14 and 10 states, respectively, indicating endemicity of the disease. The study provided the latest update on nationwide spatial sero-prevalence of small ruminant brucellosis which will aid government to strengthen regular surveillance and vaccination to reduce the disease burden and public health problems in the country.
绵羊和山羊布鲁氏菌病血清流行率的全国性横断面研究
由布鲁氏菌属 melitensis 引起的小反刍动物布鲁氏菌病主要是一种重要的人畜共患病，其特征为流产、胎衣不下、不孕、睾丸炎、附睾炎，很少有关节炎。小反刍动物是农村和边缘贫困农民的主要经济来源，由于流产和不孕，布鲁氏菌病导致了巨大的经济损失，并引起了小反刍动物饲养者的公共卫生关注。印度已经实施了牛布鲁氏菌病控制计划，但小反刍动物被排除在该计划之外，主要是因为缺乏布鲁氏菌病的现状。本研究基于分层随机抽样，于 2017-18 年进行，旨在提供小反刍动物全国性布鲁氏菌病血清流行率。共采集 24056 份小反刍动物血清样本（绵羊样本=8103 份[雄性 2440 份，雌性 5663 份]，山羊样本=15953 份[雄性 4331 份，雌性 11622 份]），来源于印度 29 个邦中的 27 个邦和 7 个联邦属地中的 2 个，来自 350 个区中的 640 个区（占印度区的 54.68%），来自 1462 个村中的 640867 个村（占印度村的 43.83%）。血清样本采用间接酶联免疫吸附试验检测，总体布鲁氏菌病显性和真实流行率分别为 7.45%（95%置信区间：7.13%-7.79%）和 3.79%（95%置信区间：3.44%-4.17%）。绵羊（11.55%）的布鲁氏菌病血清流行率显著高于山羊（5.37%）（p<0.0001）。同样，绵羊和山羊中，雌性的布鲁氏菌病血清阳性率显著高于雄性。在全国范围内，14 个邦的绵羊和 10 个邦的山羊的布鲁氏菌病血清流行率大于 5%，表明该疾病的地方性流行。本研究提供了全国小反刍动物布鲁氏菌病空间血清流行率的最新更新，这将有助于政府加强常规监测和疫苗接种，以减轻该国的疾病负担和公共卫生问题。
