Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Obes Surg. 2020 Dec;30(12):5086-5100. doi: 10.1007/s11695-020-04983-6. Epub 2020 Oct 6.
Emerging evidence highlights that dysfunction of adipose tissue contributes to impaired insulin sensitivity and systemic metabolic deterioration in obese state. Of note, adipocyte hypertrophy serves as a critical event which associates closely with adipose dysfunction. An increase in cell size exacerbates hypoxia and inflammation as well as excessive collagen deposition, finally leading to metabolic dysregulation. Specific mechanisms of adipocyte hypertrophy include dysregulated differentiation and maturation of preadipocytes, enlargement of lipid droplets, and abnormal adipocyte osmolarity sensors. Also, weight loss therapies exert profound influence on adipocyte size. Here, we summarize the critical role of adipocyte hypertrophy in the development of metabolic disturbances. Future studies are required to establish a standard criterion of size measurement to better clarify the impact of adipocyte hypertrophy on changes in metabolic homeostasis.
新出现的证据强调，脂肪组织功能障碍导致肥胖状态下胰岛素敏感性受损和全身代谢恶化。值得注意的是，脂肪细胞肥大是与脂肪功能障碍密切相关的关键事件。细胞大小的增加会加剧缺氧和炎症以及胶原过度沉积，最终导致代谢失调。脂肪细胞肥大的具体机制包括前脂肪细胞分化和成熟失调、脂滴增大以及异常的脂肪细胞渗透压感受器。此外，体重减轻疗法对脂肪细胞大小有深远的影响。在这里，我们总结了脂肪细胞肥大在代谢紊乱发展中的关键作用。需要进一步的研究来建立一个标准的尺寸测量标准，以更好地阐明脂肪细胞肥大对代谢稳态变化的影响。
