Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Oct 3;21(19):7310. doi: 10.3390/ijms21197310.
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are products of the emerging nanotechnology industry and many different types of ENMs have been shown to cause chronic inflammation in the lungs of rodents after inhalation exposure, suggesting a risk to human health. Due to the increasing demand and use of ENMs in a variety of products, a careful evaluation of the risks to human health is urgently needed. An assessment of the immunotoxicity of ENMs should consider susceptibility factors including sex, pre-existing diseases, deficiency of specific genes encoding proteins involved in the innate or adaptive immune response, and co-exposures to other chemicals. This review will address evidence from experimental animal models that highlights some important issues of susceptibility to chronic lung inflammation and systemic immune dysfunction after pulmonary exposure to ENMs.
工程纳米材料（ENMs）是新兴纳米技术产业的产物，许多不同类型的 ENMs 在吸入暴露后被证明会导致啮齿动物肺部的慢性炎症，这表明对人类健康存在风险。由于各种产品对 ENMs 的需求和使用不断增加，迫切需要对其对人类健康的风险进行仔细评估。对 ENMs 的免疫毒性评估应考虑易感性因素，包括性别、先前存在的疾病、参与先天或适应性免疫反应的特定基因编码蛋白的缺乏以及与其他化学物质的共同暴露。本综述将讨论来自实验动物模型的证据，这些证据强调了肺部暴露于 ENMs 后慢性肺炎症和全身免疫功能障碍易感性的一些重要问题。
