Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
China National Tobacco Corporation Hunan Branch Logistics Management Office, Changsha, 410004, China.
Top Curr Chem (Cham). 2020 Oct 7;378(6):47. doi: 10.1007/s41061-020-00311-9.
Enzyme, which exists widely in organisms, has high specificity and high catalytic efficiency for its substrates. The absence, the reduced activity, or the overexpression of enzyme are closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases. Therefore, enzyme is often used as markers for disease detection and treatment. To detect enzyme activity and track drug release, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) bioprobes have been developed because of their excellent photostability and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Among them, peptide-based AIE bioprobes with great biocompatibility and specificity are favored by an increasing number of researchers. Enzymatic hydrolysis of peptide can cause aggregation of AIE molecules and drug release. In this review, enzyme-responsive peptide-based AIE bioprobes used for biomedical application are summarized according to the three aggregation strategies triggered by various reaction between peptide and enzyme, including enzyme-triggered precipitate, enzyme-catalyzed coupling, and enzyme-instructed self-assembly. By giving some representative examples, we discuss how each aggregation strategy detects enzyme activity and treats the diseases under imaging guidance. Finally, we comment on the current problems and future prospects of enzyme-responsive peptide-based AIE bioprobes.
酶广泛存在于生物体内，对其底物具有高度特异性和高效催化活性。酶的缺失、活性降低或过度表达与疾病的发生和发展密切相关。因此，酶常被用作疾病检测和治疗的标志物。为了检测酶活性和跟踪药物释放，由于其优异的光稳定性和高信噪比（SNR），已开发出聚集诱导发射（AIE）生物探针。其中，基于肽的 AIE 生物探针具有良好的生物相容性和特异性，越来越受到研究人员的青睐。肽的酶水解会导致 AIE 分子的聚集和药物的释放。在本文中，根据肽与酶之间的各种反应触发的三种聚集策略（包括酶触发沉淀、酶催化偶联和酶指导自组装），总结了用于生物医学应用的酶响应肽基 AIE 生物探针。通过给出一些代表性的例子，我们讨论了每种聚集策略如何检测酶活性并在成像指导下治疗疾病。最后，我们对酶响应肽基 AIE 生物探针的当前问题和未来前景进行了评论。
