Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics , Iowa City, IA, USA.
Department of NeurologDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Iowa.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2020 Nov;42(9):932-940. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2020.1826410. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Emotional issues are often reported among individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and some studies have suggested that deficits in ability to quickly encode emotions may contribute to these problems. However, poor performance on emotion encoding tasks could also be explained by a more general cognitive deficit (Full Scale IQ [FSIQ]), rather than a specific deficit in emotional processing. Since individuals with DM1 are known to exhibit difficulties in general cognitive abilities, it is important to account for FSIQ when evaluating emotion encoding. The aim of this study was to compare emotion encoding abilities between individuals with and without DM1, while adjusting for the impact of general cognitive abilities (FSIQ). The sample included 35 individuals with adult-onset DM1 and 54 unaffected adults who completed assessments of emotion encoding abilities (Ekman faces test) and general cognitive abilities (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV). Performance on the emotion encoding task was operationalized as proportion correct and response time. Group differences in proportion correct were evaluated with generalized linear regression, while linear regression models were used to determine the effect of group on response time. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and FSIQ. The false discovery rate (FDR) was applied to control false positives due to multiple comparisons ( ). No significant group differences were observed for emotion encoding abilities (all > 0.13). FSIQ was significantly associated with proportion correct and with response time (all < 0.05). Emotion encoding appears intact in individuals with DM1 and variation in the ability to encode facial expressions was associated with FSIQ. Further research is required to address the relationship between general cognitive abilities and emotion encoding abilities among DM1 patients.
情绪问题在 1 型肌强直性营养不良（DM1）患者中经常被报道，一些研究表明，快速编码情绪的能力缺陷可能导致这些问题。然而，情绪编码任务表现不佳也可能是由于一般认知能力（全量表智商[FSIQ]）较差，而不是情感处理的特定缺陷。由于已知 DM1 患者在一般认知能力方面存在困难，因此在评估情绪编码时，重要的是要考虑 FSIQ。本研究的目的是比较有和无 DM1 的个体之间的情绪编码能力，同时调整一般认知能力（FSIQ）的影响。该样本包括 35 名成年发病的 DM1 患者和 54 名未受影响的成年人，他们完成了情绪编码能力（埃克曼面孔测试）和一般认知能力（韦氏成人智力测验第四版）的评估。情绪编码任务的表现是正确比例和反应时间。使用广义线性回归评估正确比例的组间差异，而线性回归模型用于确定组对反应时间的影响。模型根据年龄、性别和 FSIQ 进行调整。应用虚假发现率（FDR）控制由于多重比较导致的假阳性（ ）。在情绪编码能力方面，未观察到显著的组间差异（均 > 0.13）。FSIQ 与正确比例和反应时间显著相关（均 < 0.05）。DM1 患者的情绪编码能力似乎完好无损，面部表情编码能力的变化与 FSIQ 相关。需要进一步研究以解决 DM1 患者一般认知能力与情绪编码能力之间的关系。
