Department of Physiotherapy, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Womens Health (Lond). 2020 Jan-Dec;16:1745506520952009. doi: 10.1177/1745506520952009.
Urinary incontinence is any involuntary leakage of urine. It has serious negative health impacts on quality of life in pregnant women. According to the scientific committee of the International Continence Society report, worldwide prevalence of urinary incontinence estimated ranges between 32% and 64% among pregnant women. However, there is scarcity of evidence on prevalence and associated factors of urinary incontinence in Ethiopia.
The aims of this study were to assess prevalence and associated factors of urinary incontinence among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities of Mekelle city, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Physical examination was done to assess the strength of pelvic floor muscles. The data were entered to EPI Info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to investigate the factors associated with urinary incontinence.
Among 317 respondents, the prevalence of urinary incontinence was 23%. The contributing factors that had statistically significant association with urinary incontinence were gestational age (adjusted odds ratio: 9.6 (1.87-49.39, 95%), parity (adjusted odds ratio: 6.32 (1.48-27.05), 95% confidence interval), prior miscarriage (adjusted odds ratio: 6.28 (2.15-18.28), 95% confidence interval), constipation (adjusted odds ratio: 8.25 (3.12-21.84), 95% confidence interval), respiratory problem (adjusted odds ratio: 6.31 (2.05-19.43), 95% confidence interval), and weak pelvic floor muscle (adjusted odds ratio: 7.55 (2.51-22.67), 95% confidence interval).
The prevalence of urinary incontinence is moderate compared to other studies. Gestational age, parity, prior miscarriage, having constipation, having respiratory problem, and weak pelvic floor muscle had significant association with urinary incontinence. This finding will help to increase the awareness of health care professionals involved in the care of pregnant women about urinary incontinence.
尿失禁是指任何不由自主的尿液泄漏。它会对孕妇的生活质量产生严重的负面影响。根据国际尿控协会科学委员会的报告，全球范围内孕妇尿失禁的患病率估计在 32%至 64%之间。然而，在埃塞俄比亚，关于尿失禁的患病率和相关因素的证据很少。
本研究旨在评估在提格雷州梅克莱市公立医疗设施接受产前护理的孕妇中尿失禁的患病率和相关因素。
采用基于机构的横断面研究设计。使用访谈式结构化问卷收集数据。进行体格检查以评估盆底肌肉的强度。将数据输入 EPI Info 版本 7 并使用 SPSS 版本 23 进行分析。进行了双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以调查与尿失禁相关的因素。
在 317 名受访者中，尿失禁的患病率为 23%。与尿失禁有统计学显著关联的因素包括妊娠年龄（调整后的优势比：9.6（1.87-49.39，95%）、产次（调整后的优势比：6.32（1.48-27.05），95%置信区间）、先前流产（调整后的优势比：6.28（2.15-18.28），95%置信区间）、便秘（调整后的优势比：8.25（3.12-21.84），95%置信区间）、呼吸问题（调整后的优势比：6.31（2.05-19.43），95%置信区间）和盆底肌肉薄弱（调整后的优势比：7.55（2.51-22.67），95%置信区间）。
与其他研究相比，尿失禁的患病率处于中等水平。妊娠年龄、产次、先前流产、便秘、呼吸问题和盆底肌肉薄弱与尿失禁有显著关联。这一发现将有助于提高参与孕妇护理的医护人员对尿失禁的认识。
