Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (Simulator Study and Aeromedical Training Division).
Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland (Department of Aviation Psychology).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020 Oct 20;33(6):791-810. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01621. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
The study aimed to establish the current incidence and severity of spatial disorientation (SD) in Polish military pilots when flying different aircraft types over their entire careers, and to determine how SD training and pilots' flight experience might benefit their recognition of situations that may cause SD.
Overall, 176 military Polish pilots (aged 33.8±7.72 years, the number of flying hours: 1194±941) flying different aircraft types, who attended the aviation medicine course, were surveyed and asked to report their episodes of SD. To collect anonymous data, a postal SD questionnaire (INFO PUB 61/117/5) was used.
In the overall incidence rate of SD (96%), the most commonly experienced SD illusion was "loss of horizon due to atmospheric conditions" (81%). More SD incidents were reported by pilots who had received SD training. Some differences in the categories of the most commonly experienced SD illusion episodes between aircraft types were found. A severe episode adversely affecting flight safety was categorized by 10% of the respondents.
In Polish military aviation, episodes of SD are a significant threat to aviation safety. There is evidence for the beneficial effects of SD training in the improvement of pilots' ability to recognize those factors that lead to SD. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020;33(6):791-810.
本研究旨在确定波兰空军飞行员在整个职业生涯中驾驶不同类型飞机时空间定向障碍（SD）的当前发生率和严重程度，并确定 SD 训练和飞行员的飞行经验如何有助于他们识别可能导致 SD 的情况。
共有 176 名波兰军事飞行员（年龄 33.8±7.72 岁，飞行时间：1194±941 小时）接受了航空医学课程的调查，并被要求报告他们的 SD 发作。为了收集匿名数据，使用了邮政 SD 问卷（INFO PUB 61/117/5）。
在 SD 的总发生率（96%）中，最常经历的 SD 错觉是“由于大气条件导致失去地平线”（81%）。接受过 SD 训练的飞行员报告的 SD 事件更多。在不同类型飞机之间发现了最常经历的 SD 错觉事件的类别存在一些差异。10%的受访者将严重影响飞行安全的 SD 事件归类为严重。
在波兰空军中，SD 事件对航空安全构成重大威胁。SD 训练对提高飞行员识别导致 SD 的因素的能力具有有益效果的证据。国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志。2020;33(6):791-810.
