Department of Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
J Sci Med Sport. 2021 Feb;24(2):189-194. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.09.013. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
We aimed to estimate the association of sleep, sedentary activity and physical activity with cognitive function among older adults, with consideration of the competing nature between variables of activity status.
Cross-sectional study.
A total of 3086 older adults (60 years or older) in the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure self-reported time for sedentary activity, walking/bicycling and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Cognitive function was examined using the CERAD Word Learning subtest (memory), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (executive function/processing speed), and Animal Fluency Test (language). Sleep duration was obtained via interview. Isotemporal substitution models using multivariable linear regression were applied to examine the associations of replacing sleep, sedentary activity, walking/bicycling, MVPA with each other and cognitive function, stratified by sleep duration per night (≤7h, >7h).
Among participants with sleep duration ≤7h/night, replacing 30min/day of sedentary activity with 30min/day of MVPA or 30min/day was associated with better cognition. Among participants with sleep duration >7h/night, replacing 30min/day of sleep with 30min/day of sedentary activity, walking/bicycling, or MVPA was associated with better cognition.
Replacing sedentary activities with MVPA was associated with favorable cognitive function among older adults sleeping no longer than 7h/night, and replacing excessive sleep with sedentary or physical activities was associated with favorable cognition. Future research is expected to examine the associations of replacing different activity status on long-term cognitive outcomes in longitudinal studies.
我们旨在评估老年人的睡眠、久坐活动和体力活动与认知功能之间的关系，并考虑到活动状态变量之间的竞争性质。
横断面研究。
共纳入 2011-2014 年全国健康和营养调查中的 3086 名老年人（60 岁及以上）。使用全球体力活动问卷来测量久坐活动、步行/骑自行车和中等到剧烈体力活动（MVPA）的自我报告时间。使用 CERAD 单词学习子测验（记忆）、数字符号替代测验（执行功能/处理速度）和动物流畅性测验（语言）来检查认知功能。通过访谈获得睡眠持续时间。使用多变量线性回归的等时替代模型来检查睡眠、久坐活动、步行/骑自行车、MVPA 之间相互替代与认知功能的关系，按每晚睡眠时间分层（≤7h、>7h）。
在每晚睡眠时间≤7h 的参与者中，用 30min/天的 MVPA 或 30min/天替代 30min/天的久坐活动与认知功能改善相关。在每晚睡眠时间>7h 的参与者中，用 30min/天的睡眠替代 30min/天的久坐活动、步行/骑自行车或 MVPA 与认知功能改善相关。
在每晚睡眠时间不超过 7h 的老年人中，用 MVPA 替代久坐活动与认知功能改善相关，用久坐或体力活动替代过多的睡眠与认知功能改善相关。未来的研究预计将在纵向研究中检验用不同活动状态替代对长期认知结果的关联。
