Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2024 Jul 1;79(7). doi: 10.1093/gerona/glae099.
The relationship of cognition and the 24-h activity cycle (24-HAC), encompassing physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains uncertain. Distinct combinations of 24-HAC behaviors can characterize unique activity profiles and influence cognition. We aimed to characterize 24-HAC activity profiles in older adults with MCI and assess whether differences in cognition exist across profiles.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis utilizing baseline data from 3 randomized controlled trials involving 253 community-dwelling older adults (55 + years) with MCI (no functional impairment, dementia diagnosis, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment score <26/30). Using MotionWatch8© wrist-worn actigraphy (+5 days), we captured the 24-HAC. Cognition was indexed by the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale Cognitive Plus (ADAS-Cog-Plus). Compositional data and latent profile analyses identified distinct 24-HAC activity profiles. Analysis of covariance examined whether 24-HAC activity profiles differed in cognition.
Four distinct activity profiles were identified. Profile 1 ("Average 24-HAC," n = 103) engaged in all 24-HAC behaviors around the sample average. Profile 2 ("Active Chillers," n = 70) depicted lower-than-average engagement in physical activity and higher-than-average sedentary behavior. Profile 3 ("Physical Activity Masters," n = 54) were the most active and the least sedentary. Profile 4 ("Sedentary Savants," n = 26) were the least active and the most sedentary. Sleep was similar across profiles. There were no significant differences in ADAS-Cog-Plus scores between 24-HAC activity profiles (p > .05).
Older adults with MCI exhibited four 24-HAC activity profiles conforming to recommended physical activity and sleep guidelines. Nonetheless, cognition was similar across these profiles.
认知与 24 小时活动周期（24-HAC）之间的关系，包括体力活动、久坐行为和睡眠，在轻度认知障碍（MCI）的老年人中仍不确定。24-HAC 行为的不同组合可以描绘出独特的活动特征，并影响认知。我们旨在描述 MCI 老年人的 24-HAC 活动特征，并评估认知是否存在于不同的特征中。
我们对涉及 253 名居住在社区的 MCI 老年人（55 岁及以上）的 3 项随机对照试验的基线数据进行了横断面分析（无功能障碍、痴呆诊断和蒙特利尔认知评估得分<26/30）。使用 MotionWatch8©腕戴活动记录仪（+5 天），我们记录了 24-HAC。认知由阿尔茨海默病评估量表认知加项（ADAS-Cog-Plus）来衡量。组成数据分析和潜在剖面分析确定了不同的 24-HAC 活动特征。协方差分析检查了 24-HAC 活动特征在认知方面是否存在差异。
确定了四个不同的活动特征。特征 1（“平均 24-HAC”，n=103）在所有 24-HAC 行为中都处于样本平均值左右。特征 2（“活跃的冷静者”，n=70）在体力活动和久坐行为方面的表现低于平均水平。特征 3（“体力活动大师”，n=54）最活跃，最不静坐。特征 4（“久坐的智者”，n=26）最不活跃，最久坐。睡眠在特征之间相似。在 ADAS-Cog-Plus 评分方面，24-HAC 活动特征之间没有显著差异（p>.05）。
MCI 老年人表现出四种 24-HAC 活动特征，符合推荐的体力活动和睡眠指南。尽管如此，这些特征之间的认知相似。
