Ohnishi Mayumi, Leshabari Sebalda, Tanaka Junichi, Nishihara Mika
Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan.
School of Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania.
J Rural Med. 2020 Oct;15(4):155-163. doi: 10.2185/jrm.2020-001. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
To assess the awareness of contraceptive methods, understanding of HIV/AIDS prevention and the perception of HIV/AIDS risks among secondary school students in Tanzania. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among secondary school students in Tanzania. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics, awareness of contraceptive methods, an understanding of HIV/AIDS prevention, and the perception of HIV/AIDS risks. Three secondary schools were selected by considering the gender balance and location, which included the urban and surrounding areas. The research objectives, methods, and ethical considerations were explained, and the students voluntarily completed the questionnaire. A total of 233 responses were collected, and 204 responses were considered valid for the analysis. The mean and standard deviation of age were 18.5 ± 1.0. Regardless of the gender, age, religion, and major course of study, the maternal educational status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.129; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.324, 7.398; =0.009) and the number of information sources (AOR: 7.023, 95% CI: 3.166, 15.579, <0.001) demonstrated associations with the awareness of contraceptive methods. Respondents who lived outside a dormitory (AOR: 3.782; 95% CI: 1.650, 8.671; =0.002) and who currently had a partner (AOR: 3.616; 95% CI: 1.486, 8.800; =0.005) were associated with a high level of understanding of HIV/AIDS prevention regardless of gender, age, religion, and major course of study. Respondents with few information sources were associated with a high level of perception of HIV/AIDS risks (AOR: 0.293; 95% CI: 0.115, 0.747; =0.010), regardless of gender, age, religion, and major course of study. Factors associated with the awareness of contraceptive methods, the understanding of HIV/AIDS prevention, and perception of HIV/AIDS risks were not consistent. To ensure the improvement of these factors among secondary school students, sexual health education should be integrated into educational programs and provided holistically.
评估坦桑尼亚中学生对避孕方法的知晓情况、对艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防的理解以及对艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的认知。在坦桑尼亚的中学生中开展了一项匿名的自填式问卷调查。问卷包括社会人口学特征、对避孕方法的知晓情况、对艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防的理解以及对艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的认知。通过考虑性别平衡和地理位置，选择了三所中学，包括城市及周边地区。对研究目的、方法和伦理考量进行了解释，学生们自愿完成问卷。共收集到233份回复，其中204份回复被认为可用于分析。年龄的均值和标准差为18.5±1.0。无论性别、年龄、宗教和主要学习课程如何，母亲的教育状况（调整优势比[AOR]：3.129；95%置信区间[CI]：1.324，7.398；P = 0.009）和信息来源数量（AOR：7.023，95% CI：3.166，15.579，P<0.001）与避孕方法的知晓情况存在关联。无论性别、年龄、宗教和主要学习课程如何，不住在宿舍的受访者（AOR：3.782；95% CI：1.650，8.671；P = 0.002）和目前有伴侣的受访者（AOR：3.616；95% CI：1.486，8.800；P = 0.005）与对艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防的较高理解水平相关。无论性别、年龄、宗教和主要学习课程如何，信息来源较少的受访者与对艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的较高认知水平相关（AOR：0.293；95% CI：0.115，0.747；P = 0.010）。与避孕方法的知晓情况、对艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防的理解以及对艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的认知相关的因素并不一致。为确保提高中学生中的这些因素，应将性健康教育纳入教育计划并全面提供。
