Arthropod Borne Infectious Disease Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
J Med Entomol. 2021 Mar 12;58(2):739-748. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjaa197.
There are major public health concerns regarding the spread of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, which are mainly controlled by using insecticides against the vectors, Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Pyrethroids are the primary class of insecticides used for vector control, due to their rapid knockdown effect and low toxicity to vertebrates. Unfortunately, continued use of pyrethroids has led to widespread insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti; however, we lack information for Ae. albopictus-a sympatric species in Chiapas since 2002. In this study, we evaluated the permethrin resistance status of Ae. albopictus collected from Mexico and Texas. We also selected for permethrin resistance in the laboratory and investigated the potential mechanisms conferring resistance in this species. Knockdown resistance mutations, specifically F1534C, in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene, and increased activity of detoxifying enzymes were evaluated. Low levels of permethrin resistance (<2.4-fold) were observed in our field populations of Ae. albopictus and the F1534C mutation was not detected in any of the sites. Low levels of resistance were also observed in the artificially selected strain. There was significantly higher cytochrome P450 activity in our permethrin-selected and nonselected strains from Mexico compared to the control strain. Our results suggest the Ae. albopictus sampled from 2016 are mostly susceptible to pyrethroids. These results contrast with the high levels of permethrin resistance (>58-fold) found in Ae. aegypti from the same sites in Mexico. This research indicates the importance of continued monitoring of Ae. albopictus populations to prevent resistance from developing in the future.
存在与蚊媒疾病（如登革热、寨卡和基孔肯雅热）传播相关的重大公共卫生问题，这些疾病主要通过使用杀虫剂来控制传播媒介埃及伊蚊（Linnaeus）和白纹伊蚊（Skuse）。由于其快速击倒效果和对脊椎动物的低毒性，拟除虫菊酯是用于病媒控制的主要杀虫剂类别。不幸的是，对拟除虫菊酯的持续使用导致埃及伊蚊广泛产生抗药性；然而，自 2002 年以来，我们缺乏对恰帕斯州共生种白纹伊蚊的信息。在这项研究中，我们评估了从墨西哥和德克萨斯州采集的白纹伊蚊对氯菊酯的抗药性状况。我们还在实验室中选择了氯菊酯抗性，并研究了该物种产生抗性的潜在机制。评估了电压门控钠离子通道基因中的击倒抗性突变，特别是 F1534C，以及解毒酶活性的增加。我们发现，野外采集的白纹伊蚊种群对氯菊酯的抗性水平较低（<2.4 倍），并且在任何地点都未检测到 F1534C 突变。在人工选择的菌株中也观察到低水平的抗性。与对照菌株相比，来自墨西哥的经氯菊酯选择和未经选择的菌株中的细胞色素 P450 活性明显更高。我们的研究结果表明，2016 年采集的白纹伊蚊对拟除虫菊酯大多敏感。这些结果与来自同一地点的埃及伊蚊中发现的高氯菊酯抗性（>58 倍）形成对比。这项研究表明，必须继续监测白纹伊蚊种群，以防止未来产生抗性。
