Morandini Hugo A E, Silk Timothy J, Griffiths Kristi, Rao Pradeep, Hood Sean D, Zepf Florian D
Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Psychiatry, UWA Medical School, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Cortex. 2020 Nov;132:374-385. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.008. Epub 2020 Aug 25.
Vigilant Attention (VA), defined as the ability to maintain attention to cognitively unchallenging activities over a prolonged period of time, is critical to support higher cognitive functions and many behaviours in our everyday life. Evidence has shown that VA rapidly improves throughout childhood and adolescence until young adulthood and tends to decline in older adulthood. Although neuroimaging studies have extensively investigated this cognitive function in adults, the neural correlates of VA in neurotypical children and adolescents remain unclear. The current meta-analysis reviewed and examined functional neuroimaging studies in paediatric populations that used behavioural tasks involving VA. The selected studies (N = 25) were analyzed using the activation likelihood estimation method. Findings showed convergence of activation in mainly right-lateralized brain areas, including dorsomedial frontal cortex and parieto-temporal areas, and are consistent with previous literature on the neural correlates of VA. Results are discussed in terms of their functional and developmental implications for VA in children and adolescents.
警觉性注意（VA）被定义为在较长时间内对认知上无挑战性活动保持注意的能力，对于支持更高层次的认知功能以及我们日常生活中的许多行为至关重要。有证据表明，VA在整个童年和青少年时期迅速改善，直至青年期，而在成年后期则趋于下降。尽管神经影像学研究已经广泛地研究了成年人的这种认知功能，但在神经发育正常的儿童和青少年中，VA的神经关联仍不清楚。当前的荟萃分析回顾并检查了儿科人群中使用涉及VA行为任务的功能性神经影像学研究。使用激活似然估计方法对所选研究（N = 25）进行了分析。研究结果表明，激活主要集中在右侧大脑区域，包括背内侧前额叶皮层和顶颞区域，这与先前关于VA神经关联的文献一致。从这些结果对儿童和青少年VA的功能及发育影响方面进行了讨论。
