Taresh Sahar Mohammed, Ahmad Nor Aniza, Roslan Samsilah, Ma'rof Aini Marina
Department of Foundation of Education, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
Department of Kindergarten, Faculty of Education, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen.
Children (Basel). 2020 Oct 6;7(10):170. doi: 10.3390/children7100170.
It is perplexing that some preschool teachers not only advise parents who have children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to go to religious healers, but also attribute such neurological disorders to the curse of the "evil eye" or vaccines. Although it is now the twentieth century, this behavior simply reflects the concerns of over-protective teachers and the cultural misperceptions about the actual definition of ASD. In Yemen, the term "ASD", with its wide range of symptoms, is still ambiguous among preschool teachers. Thus, in a rather insightful piece for the education community, this study has attempted to look beneath the surface of the beliefs (religious belief-social belief-personal belief) of Yemeni preschool teachers regarding ASD. Based on the data collected from 213 teachers (20-30\31-40-~≥40 age) in the Taiz district, this study found that misconceptions specific to autism spectrum disorder were strongly evidenced among teachers who taught preschoolers. Due to personal ignorance and growing superstitions, these teachers tend to believe the society's perceptions of ASD, thus resulting in the ignorance of scientific views. However, the mass media can increase this group's awareness of ASD by continually assessing the inaccurate views on ASD, and correcting them. And by influencing the teachers to take a more conceptual scientific approach in serving their special needs students, furthermore, by informing preschool teachers of children's rights in normal life in the future through providing children with an optimal chance of development by early intervention.
令人费解的是,一些幼儿园教师不仅建议患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)孩子的家长去找宗教治疗师,还将这类神经障碍归因于“邪眼”诅咒或疫苗。尽管现在已经是20世纪了,但这种行为恰恰反映了过度保护孩子的教师的担忧以及对ASD实际定义的文化误解。在也门,“ASD”这个术语,因其症状范围广泛,在幼儿园教师中仍然模糊不清。因此,在一篇为教育界撰写的颇具洞察力的文章中,本研究试图探究也门幼儿园教师对ASD的信念(宗教信仰——社会信仰——个人信仰)表象之下的情况。基于从塔伊兹地区213名教师(年龄在20 - 30岁/31 - 40岁/≥40岁)收集的数据,本研究发现,在教学龄前儿童的教师中,对自闭症谱系障碍的特定误解有充分证据。由于个人无知和迷信的增加,这些教师倾向于相信社会对ASD的认知,从而导致对科学观点的忽视。然而,大众媒体可以通过持续评估对ASD的不准确观点并加以纠正,来提高这个群体对ASD的认识。此外,通过影响教师采取更具概念性的科学方法来服务他们有特殊需求的学生,通过早期干预为孩子提供最佳发展机会,进而告知幼儿园教师孩子在未来正常生活中的权利。