Cockcroft D W
Ann Allergy. 1987 Aug;59(2):89-98.
In summary, controlled allergen and occupational inhalation challenge tests represent a major undertaking with a predictable degree of patient discomfort and a significant risk of dangerous side effects. Tests must be well controlled so the responses can be differentiated from nonspecific (nonallergic) effects. There is probably very limited routine clinical usefulness for allergen inhalation tests. These tests, however, remain valuable for investigations into the pathogenesis of asthma and for studies on new therapeutic agents. Occupational challenge tests may be used for the diagnosis of occupational asthma, although safer more convenient methodologies may become available in the future. Occupational challenges, however, remain the only way to definitively document sensitivity to certain low molecular weight chemicals that cause occupational asthma by a process of sensitization but in which the immunopathogenesis has not been entirely worked out.
总之，控制性变应原和职业性吸入激发试验是一项重要工作，患者会有可预见程度的不适，且存在严重的危险副作用风险。试验必须得到很好的控制，以便将反应与非特异性（非变应性）效应区分开来。变应原吸入试验的常规临床实用性可能非常有限。然而，这些试验对于哮喘发病机制的研究以及新治疗药物的研究仍具有重要价值。职业性激发试验可用于职业性哮喘的诊断，尽管未来可能会有更安全、更便捷的方法。然而，职业性激发试验仍然是明确证明对某些低分子量化学物质敏感的唯一方法，这些化学物质通过致敏过程导致职业性哮喘，但其免疫发病机制尚未完全阐明。
