Chaná-Cuevas Pedro, Salles-Gándara Philippe, Rojas-Fernandez Alejandro, Salinas-Rebolledo Constanza, Milán-Solé Anna
Movement Disorders Center, CETRAM, Santiago, Chile.
Faculty of Medical Science, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Neurol. 2020 Sep 17;11:1044. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.01044. eCollection 2020.
Considering their current burden and epidemiological projections, nowadays Parkinson's disease and the COVID-19 pandemic are two key health problems. There is evidence of the pathogenic role of neurotropic viruses in neurodegenerative diseases and coronaviruses are neurotropic, with some of them selectively targeting the basal ganglia. Moreover, some authors demonstrated the longevity of these viruses in the affected cells of the nervous system for long periods. Coronavirus was detected in brain autopsies and SARS-CoV-2 has been isolated from the CSF of affected patients. The marked inflammatory response in some particular patients with COVID-19 with a consequent increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines is considered a prognostic factor. Immunologic changes are observed in patients with Parkinson's disease, possibly having a role in its pathogenesis. A dynamic pro-inflammatory state accompanies α-synuclein accumulation and the development and progression of neurodegeneration. Also, some viral infectious diseases might have a role as triggers, generating a cross autoimmune reaction against α-synuclein. In the past Coronaviruses have been related to Parkinson's disease, however, until now the causal role of these viruses is unknown. In this paper, our focus is to assess the potential relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and Parkinson's disease.
鉴于帕金森病目前的负担以及流行病学预测，如今帕金森病和新冠疫情是两个关键的健康问题。有证据表明嗜神经病毒在神经退行性疾病中具有致病作用，而冠状病毒具有嗜神经性，其中一些病毒会选择性地靶向基底神经节。此外，一些作者证明了这些病毒在神经系统受影响的细胞中能长期存活。在脑尸检中检测到了冠状病毒，并且在受影响患者的脑脊液中分离出了新冠病毒。在一些特定的新冠患者中出现的明显炎症反应以及随之而来的促炎细胞因子增加被认为是一个预后因素。在帕金森病患者中观察到了免疫变化，这可能在其发病机制中起作用。动态的促炎状态伴随着α-突触核蛋白的积累以及神经退行性变的发生和发展。此外，一些病毒感染性疾病可能作为触发因素，引发针对α-突触核蛋白的交叉自身免疫反应。过去冠状病毒与帕金森病有关，然而，到目前为止这些病毒的因果作用尚不清楚。在本文中，我们的重点是评估新冠病毒感染与帕金森病之间的潜在关系。
