Sarna Brooke, Abouzari Mehdi, Merna Catherine, Jamshidi Shahrnaz, Saber Tina, Djalilian Hamid R
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States.
Front Neurol. 2020 Sep 15;11:1046. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.01046. eCollection 2020.
A perilymphatic fistula (PLF) is an abnormal communication between the perilymph-filled inner ear and the middle ear cavity, mastoid, or intracranial cavity. A PLF most commonly forms when the integrity of the oval or round window is compromised, and it may be trauma-induced or may occur with no known cause (idiopathic). Controversy regarding the diagnosis of idiopathic PLF has persisted for decades, and the presenting symptoms may be vague. However, potential exists for this condition to be one of the few etiologies of dizziness, tinnitus, and hearing loss that can be treated surgically. The aim of this review is to provide an update on classification, diagnosis, and treatment of PLF. Particular attention will be paid to idiopathic PLF and conditions that may have a similar presentation, with subsequent information on how best to distinguish them. Novel diagnostic criteria for PLF and management strategy for PLF and PLF-like symptoms is presented.
外淋巴瘘（PLF）是充满外淋巴的内耳与中耳腔、乳突或颅内腔之间的异常连通。当椭圆窗或圆窗的完整性受到损害时，最常形成外淋巴瘘，其可能由外伤引起，也可能无已知病因（特发性）。关于特发性外淋巴瘘诊断的争议已经持续了数十年，其表现出的症状可能不明确。然而，这种疾病有可能是少数几种可通过手术治疗的头晕、耳鸣和听力损失病因之一。本综述的目的是提供外淋巴瘘分类、诊断和治疗的最新情况。将特别关注特发性外淋巴瘘以及可能有相似表现的病症，并随后提供如何最好地区分它们的信息。还介绍了外淋巴瘘的新诊断标准以及外淋巴瘘和类外淋巴瘘症状的管理策略。
