BenGhasheer Hala Fathalla, Saub Roslan
Department Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Libya.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2020 Aug 6;10(4):520-531. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_192_20. eCollection 2020 Jul-Aug.
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between acculturative stress, perceived stress, social support, and subjective oral health outcomes among international graduate students in Malaysian public universities.
A total of 312 international graduate students completed a web-based questionnaire, including measures of acculturative stress (ASSIS-36), perceived stress scale (PSS-4), social support (MSPSS-12), oral health perceptions (global rating item), and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL, OIDP-8). The hypotheses of the conceptual model were tested using structural equation modeling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS) with the support of SmartPLS.
Twenty-seven percent (27.1%) of the variance in OHRQoL was explained by acculturative stress, perceived stress, social support, and oral health perceptions. The path coefficient between oral health perception and OHRQoL was the strongest (β = -0.385, < 0.001). Acculturative stress directly influenced OHRQoL (β = 0.20, 0.009) and indirectly through perceived stress (β = 0.05, = 0.019). Social support mediated the relationship between perceived stress and OHRQoL (β = 0.046, = 0.02). The overall predictive power of the model was 23%.
Results indicated that acculturative stress, perceived stress, and social support are among the predictors of OHRQoL. Oral health perceptions and acculturative stress were the most significant predictors that contributed the largest amount to the model. The findings emphasize the potential role of psychosocial factors in relation to oral health. The empirical evidence of this study could facilitate the planning of targeted strategies that address stress reduction and social support. Such strategies might be a new promising way to enhance OHRQoL as these elements can be modified and response to interventions.
本研究旨在调查马来西亚公立大学国际研究生的文化适应压力、感知压力、社会支持与主观口腔健康结果之间的关系。
共有312名国际研究生完成了一份基于网络的问卷，包括文化适应压力测量（ASSIS - 36）、感知压力量表（PSS - 4）、社会支持（MSPSS - 12）、口腔健康认知（总体评分项目）以及口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL，OIDP - 8）。在SmartPLS的支持下，使用结构方程模型 - 偏最小二乘法（SEM - PLS）对概念模型的假设进行了检验。
文化适应压力、感知压力、社会支持和口腔健康认知解释了OHRQoL中27%（27.1%）的方差。口腔健康认知与OHRQoL之间的路径系数最强（β = - 0.385，< 0.001）。文化适应压力直接影响OHRQoL（β = 0.20，0.009），并通过感知压力间接影响（β = 0.05，= 0.019）。社会支持介导了感知压力与OHRQoL之间的关系（β = 0.046，= 0.02）。该模型的总体预测能力为23%。
结果表明，文化适应压力、感知压力和社会支持是OHRQoL的预测因素。口腔健康认知和文化适应压力是对模型贡献最大的最重要预测因素。研究结果强调了心理社会因素在口腔健康方面的潜在作用。本研究的实证证据有助于制定针对性的策略，以减轻压力和提供社会支持。由于这些因素可以被改变并对干预措施做出反应，此类策略可能是提高OHRQoL的一种新的有前景的方法。
