Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 5;14(1):20792. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71785-6.
Oral health problems prove to be a significant public health issue due to their high prevalence and their impacts on people's self-confidence and basic physical functions such as talking, chewing and smiling, all of which affect an individual's social role. For that, this study aims to determine oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and its association with a sense of coherence (SOC) and perceived social support among Yemeni adults residing in Malaysia. Data was collected from 223 Yemeni adults residing in Malaysia for over a year. The data collection instruments used were: a short version of the sense of coherence Scale (SOC-13), a new short version of the oral health impact profile (OHIP-5) questionnaire, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), and a questionnaire containing socio-demographic and oral health behaviours information. Simple and adjusted binary logistic regression analyses with the level of significance p < 0.05 were used to determine the association between the independent factors and OHRQoL. Negative impacts on quality of life due to oral health issues were reported by (57.8%) of the participants, and a statistically significant association between SOC and OHRQoL was found; participants with weak SOC were more likely to have a negative impact on their OHRQol than individuals with strong SOC (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.4-5.5). Additionally, self-assessment of oral health as poor (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI 1.5-14.1) were also associated with a negative impact OHRQoL. On the other hand, this study found that a longer period since the last dentist visit was a protective factor against negative impacts on quality of life (p < 0.05). In terms of perceived social support, no association was found between any categories of perceived social support and OHRQoL. In Conclusion, sense of coherence showed a statistically significant association with OHRQoL, emphasizing psychological factors' potential role in oral health. The findings support the hypothesis that SOC is a psychosocial determinant that could act as a protective factor against negative impact on OHRQoL.
口腔健康问题由于其高患病率以及对人们自信心和基本生理功能（如说话、咀嚼和微笑）的影响而被证明是一个重大的公共卫生问题，所有这些都影响着个人的社会角色。因此，本研究旨在确定居住在马来西亚的也门成年人的口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）及其与连贯性感知（SOC）和感知社会支持的关系。数据是从在马来西亚居住超过一年的 223 名也门成年人中收集的。使用的数据分析工具包括：简化版的 SOC 量表（SOC-13）、新的简化版口腔健康影响简表（OHIP-5）问卷、多维感知社会支持量表（MSPSS）和一份包含社会人口统计学和口腔健康行为信息的问卷。使用简单和调整后的二元逻辑回归分析，以显著性水平 p < 0.05 来确定独立因素与 OHRQoL 之间的关系。研究结果显示，57.8%的参与者报告了由于口腔健康问题对生活质量产生的负面影响，并且发现 SOC 与 OHRQoL 之间存在统计学显著关联；SOC 较弱的参与者比 SOC 较强的参与者更有可能对 OHRQoL 产生负面影响（AOR = 2.8，95%CI 1.4-5.5）。此外，自我评估口腔健康状况较差（AOR = 4.6，95%CI 1.5-14.1）也与 OHRQoL 的负面影响相关。另一方面，本研究发现，最近一次看牙医的时间间隔较长是对生活质量产生负面影响的保护因素（p < 0.05）。至于感知到的社会支持，任何类别的感知社会支持与 OHRQoL 之间都没有关联。总之，连贯性感知与 OHRQoL 之间存在统计学显著关联，强调了心理因素在口腔健康中的潜在作用。研究结果支持 SOC 是一种社会心理决定因素，可以作为对 OHRQoL 产生负面影响的保护因素的假设。
