Riaz Muhammad Akram, Rafique Rafia
Mr. Muhammad Akram Riaz, MS. Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Dr. Rafia Rafique, PHD. Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Pak J Med Sci. 2019 Sep-Oct;35(5):1441-1445. doi: 10.12669/pjms.35.5.1214.
The main objective of study was to investigate the effect of psycho-social predictors on acculturative stress and adjustment in Pakistani institutions.
The study was carried out from November 15, 2016 to January 18, 2019. For this purpose data was collected from 450 international students who were studying in public and private sector universities of Pakistan and who experienced acculturative stress. The instruments include Relationship Assessment Scale, Acculturative Stress Scale for International, Psychological Adaptation Scale, and Revised Socio Cultural Adaptation Scale. The proposed model was tested by using SPSS (Version-23) and AMOS (Version-9).
Findings of the study revealed that relationship satisfaction (p<0.05), length of stay (p<0.05), and financial support (p<0.05) significantly negatively predicted acculturative stress. Financial support significantly positively predicted psychological adjustment (p<0.05). Employment status did not predict acculturative stress, psychological and socio-cultural adjustment (p>0.05). Moreover, all psycho-social predictors did not show effect on socio-cultural adjustment among international students (p>0.05).
It can be concluded that general relationship satisfaction, more length of stay in host country, and financial support are very important for international students to manage their acculturative stress and to adjust better in a new cultural environment.
本研究的主要目的是调查心理社会预测因素对巴基斯坦院校中文化适应压力和适应情况的影响。
该研究于2016年11月15日至2019年1月18日进行。为此，从450名在巴基斯坦公立和私立大学学习且经历文化适应压力的国际学生中收集数据。所使用的工具包括关系评估量表、国际学生文化适应压力量表、心理适应量表和修订后的社会文化适应量表。通过使用SPSS（版本23）和AMOS（版本9）对所提出的模型进行检验。
研究结果显示，关系满意度（p<0.05）、停留时间（p<0.05）和经济支持（p<0.05）对文化适应压力有显著的负向预测作用。经济支持对心理适应有显著的正向预测作用（p<0.05）。就业状况对文化适应压力、心理和社会文化适应没有预测作用（p>0.05）。此外，所有心理社会预测因素对国际学生的社会文化适应均无影响（p>0.05）。
可以得出结论，总体关系满意度、在东道国停留更长时间以及经济支持对于国际学生应对文化适应压力和在新文化环境中更好地适应非常重要。
