Cerco, CNRS Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (C3NL), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
Elife. 2020 Oct 12;9:e59784. doi: 10.7554/eLife.59784.
Psychedelic drugs are potent modulators of conscious states and therefore powerful tools for investigating their neurobiology. N,N, Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) can rapidly induce an extremely immersive state of consciousness characterized by vivid and elaborate visual imagery. Here, we investigated the electrophysiological correlates of the DMT-induced altered state from a pool of participants receiving DMT and (separately) placebo (saline) while instructed to keep their eyes closed. Consistent with our hypotheses, results revealed a spatio-temporal pattern of cortical activation (i.e. travelling waves) similar to that elicited by visual stimulation. Moreover, the typical top-down alpha-band rhythms of closed-eyes rest were significantly decreased, while the bottom-up forward wave was significantly increased. These results support a recent model proposing that psychedelics reduce the 'precision-weighting of priors', thus altering the balance of top-down versus bottom-up information passing. The robust hypothesis-confirming nature of these findings imply the discovery of an important mechanistic principle underpinning psychedelic-induced altered states.
迷幻药是意识状态的强效调节剂,因此是研究其神经生物学的有力工具。N,N-二甲基色胺(DMT)可迅速诱导出一种极其身临其境的意识状态,其特点是生动而精心制作的视觉意象。在这里,我们从一组接受 DMT 和(分别)安慰剂(盐水)的参与者中调查了 DMT 诱导的改变状态的电生理相关性,同时指示他们闭上眼睛。与我们的假设一致,结果显示出与视觉刺激引起的类似的皮质激活(即传播波)时空模式。此外,闭眼休息时典型的自上而下的 alpha 波段节律明显降低,而自下而上的前向波明显增加。这些结果支持了最近提出的一个模型,即迷幻药降低了“先验的精度权重”,从而改变了自上而下与自下而上信息传递的平衡。这些发现具有强有力的假设验证性质,意味着发现了迷幻药诱导的改变状态的一个重要机制原则。