Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, PO Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
Section of Organic Chemistry, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martíi Franquès, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Jan 1;277:111480. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111480. Epub 2020 Oct 9.
A halotolerant strain CO100 of Staphylococcus sp. was isolated from contaminated sediments taken from the fishing harbour of Sfax, Tunisia, as an efficient hydrocarbonoclastic candidate. Strain CO100 exhibited a high capacity to break down almost 72% of the aliphatic hydrocarbons contained in crude oil (1%, v/v), used as the sole carbon and energy source, after 20 days of culture, at 100 g/l NaCl, 37 °C and 180 rpm. The isolate CO100 displayed also its ability to grow on phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene (100 mg/l), at 100 g/l NaCl. Moreover, the isolate CO100 showed a notable aptitude to synthesize an efficient tensioactive agent namely BS-CO100, on low-value substrates including residual frying oil and expired milk powder, thus reducing the high cost of biosurfactant production. The ESI/MS analysis designated that BS-CO100 belonged to lipopeptide class, in particular lichenysin and iturine members. Critical micelle concentrations of BS-CO100 were varying between 65 and 750 mg/l, depending on of the purity of the biosurfactant and the used carbon sources. BS-CO100 showed a high steadiness against a wide spectrum of pH (4.3-12), temperature (4-121 °C) and salinity (0-300 g/l NaCl), supporting its powerful tensioactive properties under various environmental conditions. Likewise, BS-CO100 exhibited no cytotoxic effect toward human HEK293 cells, at concentrations within 125 and 1000 μg/ml. Furthermore, the biosurfactant BS-CO100 exhibited remarkable anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm activities, being able to avoid and disrupt the biofilm formation by certain pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, BS-CO100 was found to have more potential to remove hydrocarbons from contaminated soils, compared to some chemical surfactants. In light of these promising findings, strain CO100, as well as its biosurfactant, could be successfully used in different biotechnological applications including the bioremediation of oil-polluted areas, even under saline conditions.
从突尼斯斯法克斯的污染沉积物中分离出一株耐盐的葡萄球菌属 CO100 菌株，作为一种有效的烃类降解候选物。该菌株 CO100 在 100g/l NaCl、37°C 和 180rpm 的条件下，以 1%（v/v）的原油（含 72%的脂族烃）作为唯一的碳源和能源，经过 20 天的培养，可高效分解几乎 72%的脂族烃。该分离株 CO100 还能在 100g/l NaCl 条件下利用菲、荧蒽和芘（100mg/l）生长。此外，该分离株 CO100 表现出在低值底物（包括剩余的煎炸油和过期的奶粉）上合成高效表面活性剂 BS-CO100 的显著能力，从而降低生物表面活性剂生产的高成本。ESI/MS 分析表明，BS-CO100 属于脂肽类，特别是地衣素和尿嘧啶成员。BS-CO100 的临界胶束浓度在 65-750mg/l 之间，取决于生物表面活性剂的纯度和所用的碳源。BS-CO100 在较宽的 pH 值（4.3-12）、温度（4-121°C）和盐度（0-300g/l NaCl）范围内具有很高的稳定性，支持其在各种环境条件下具有强大的表面活性特性。同样，BS-CO100 在 125-1000μg/ml 浓度范围内对人 HEK293 细胞没有细胞毒性。此外，生物表面活性剂 BS-CO100 具有显著的抗粘附和抗生物膜活性，能够阻止某些病原微生物形成生物膜。此外，与一些化学表面活性剂相比，BS-CO100 更有潜力从污染土壤中去除烃类。鉴于这些有希望的发现，CO100 菌株及其生物表面活性剂可成功应用于不同的生物技术应用，包括在盐度条件下的受油污染地区的生物修复。
