Niu Zhixin, Guo Pengyu, Wang Zhiyun, Wang Ziyao, Su Taiyu
Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Shenyang University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
Environmental Department, Shenyang University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
R Soc Open Sci. 2025 Aug 6;12(8):250510. doi: 10.1098/rsos.250510. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Crude oil inevitably pollutes soil and water during extraction, transport and use. The long-term persistence of resin and asphaltene in the environment poses a threat to ecosystems and human health. The removal of heavy components such as resin is the key to the complete remediation of oil-contaminated soil. Bioremediation, a technology that has been demonstrated to be both environmentally friendly and cost-effective, has attracted significant attention among the oil pollution remediation technologies. In this study, two bacteria, and , isolated from soil contaminated with crude oil, were used to investigate the biodegradation of resin in soil. Surfactants, including Tween-80 (TW-80), octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (ODAC) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), were supplemented to evaluate the effects of surfactant type and concentration on resin degradation. The results showed that total petroleum hydrocarbon content generally decreased in all treatment groups over time, and surfactant addition was effective in supporting bacterial population. In the single surfactant treatments, overall, degraded resin more effectively than . At the same concentration, SDBS promoted resin degradation more effectively than TW-80 and ODAC at different time points (at the 42nd day: , 11.8-19.1 g kg; , 10.7-14.6 g kg). In the surfactant complex treatment, the combination of ODAC × SDBS resulted in a significant enhancement of the degradation of resin in the soil. However, the presence of TW-80 inhibited the effect of the other surfactants retarding the degradation of resin. This study demonstrated that the combined use of surfactants and degrading bacteria can promote the degradation of heavy fractions in crude oil present in soil. Nevertheless, further exploration is required into the response between surfactants and pollutants and microorganisms as well as the mechanisms of their interaction.
原油在开采、运输和使用过程中不可避免地会污染土壤和水体。树脂和沥青质在环境中的长期存在对生态系统和人类健康构成威胁。去除树脂等重质成分是石油污染土壤彻底修复的关键。生物修复作为一种已被证明既环保又经济高效的技术，在石油污染修复技术中备受关注。在本研究中，从原油污染土壤中分离出的两种细菌， 和 ，被用于研究土壤中树脂的生物降解。添加了包括吐温 - 80（TW - 80）、十八烷基三甲基氯化铵（ODAC）和十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）在内的表面活性剂，以评估表面活性剂类型和浓度对树脂降解的影响。结果表明，随着时间推移，所有处理组中的总石油烃含量总体上均有所下降，添加表面活性剂对细菌数量有促进作用。在单一表面活性剂处理中，总体而言， 比 更有效地降解树脂。在相同浓度下，在不同时间点（第42天： ，11.8 - 19.1 g·kg； ，10.7 - 14.6 g·kg），SDBS比TW - 80和ODAC更有效地促进树脂降解。在表面活性剂复合处理中，ODAC×SDBS的组合显著增强了土壤中树脂的降解。然而，TW - 80的存在抑制了其他表面活性剂对树脂降解的促进作用。本研究表明，表面活性剂和降解细菌的联合使用可促进土壤中原油重质组分的降解。尽管如此，仍需要进一步探索表面活性剂与污染物及微生物之间的反应及其相互作用机制。
