Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Ann Hum Biol. 2020 Dec;47(7-8):620-628. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1837952. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Mongolian populations are widely distributed geographically, showing abundant ethnic diversity with geographic and tribal differences.
To infer the genetic substructure, admixture and ancient genetic sources of Mongolians together with Kazakhs.
We genotyped more than 690,000 genome-wide SNPs from 33 Mongolian and Chinese Kazakh individuals and compared these with both ancient and present-day Eurasian populations using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), ADMIXTURE, -IBD, statistics, and .
We found genetic substructures within Mongolians corresponding to Ölöd, Chahar, and Inner Mongolian clusters, which was consistent with tribe classifications. Mongolian and Kazakh groups derived about 6-40% of West Eurasian related ancestry, most likely from Bronze Age Steppe populations. The East Asian related ancestry in Mongolian and Kazakh groups was well represented by the Neolithic DevilsCave related nomadic lineage, comprising 42-64% of studied groups. We also detected 10-51% of Han Chinese related ancestry in Mongolian and Kazakh groups, especially in Inner Mongolians. The average admixture times for Inner Mongolian, Mongolian_Chahar, Mongolian_Ölöd and Chinese Kazakh were about 1381, 626, 635 and 632 years ago, respectively, with Han and French as the sources.
The DevilsCave related ancestry was once widespread westwards covering a wide geographical range from Far East Russia to the Mongolia Plateau. The formation of present-day Mongolic and Turkic-speaking populations has also received genetic influence from agricultural expansion.
蒙古族人群在地理上分布广泛，具有丰富的民族多样性，存在地理和部落差异。
推断蒙古族和哈萨克族的遗传亚结构、混合和古代遗传来源。
我们对 33 名蒙古人和中国哈萨克人进行了超过 69 万个全基因组 SNP 的基因分型，并使用主成分分析（PCA）、ADMIXTURE、-IBD、统计检验和系统发育树分析将这些数据与古欧亚人群进行了比较。
我们发现蒙古人存在遗传亚结构，对应于斡亦剌、察哈尔和内蒙古群体，这与部落分类一致。蒙古人和哈萨克人组分别有 6-40%的西欧亚相关血统，很可能来自青铜时代的草原人群。新石器时代的 DevilsCave 相关游牧血统在蒙古人和哈萨克人组中代表了东亚相关血统，占研究群体的 42-64%。我们还在蒙古人和哈萨克人组中检测到 10-51%的汉族相关血统，尤其是在内蒙古人中。内蒙古、察哈尔蒙古族、斡亦剌蒙古族和中国哈萨克人的平均混合时间分别约为 1381、626、635 和 632 年前，汉族和法国是其来源。
DevilsCave 相关血统曾经广泛分布于从远东俄罗斯到蒙古高原的广阔地理区域。现代蒙古和突厥语人群的形成也受到了农业扩张的遗传影响。
