Adnan Atif, Anwar Adeel, Simayijiang Halimureti, Farrukh Noor, Hadi Sibte, Wang Chuan-Chao, Xuan Jin-Feng
Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Front Genet. 2021 Dec 17;12:760760. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.760760. eCollection 2021.
The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China (XUARC) harbors almost 50 ethnic groups including the Uyghur (UGR: 45.84%), Han (HAN: 40.48%), Kazakh (KZK: 6.50%), Hui (HUI: 4.51%), Kyrgyz (KGZ: 0.86%), Mongol (MGL: 0.81%), Manchu (MCH: 0.11%), and Uzbek (UZK: 0.066%), which make it one of the most colorful regions with abundant cultural and genetic diversities. In our previous study, we established allelic frequency databases for 14 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) for four minority populations from XUARC (MCH, KGZ, MGL, and UZK) using the AmpFlSTR® Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit. In this study, we genotyped 2,121 samples using the GoldenEye™ 20A Kit (Beijing PeopleSpot Inc., Beijing, China) amplifying 19 autosomal STR loci for four major ethnic groups (UGR, HAN, KZK, and HUI). These groups make up 97.33% of the total XUARC population. The total number of alleles for all the 19 STRs in these populations ranged from 232 (HAN) to 224 (KZK). We did not observe any departures from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in these populations after sequential Bonferroni correction. We did find minimal departure from linkage equilibrium (LE) for a small number of pairwise combinations of loci. The match probabilities for the different populations ranged from 1 in 1.66 × 10 (HAN) to 6.05 × 10 (HUI), the combined power of exclusion ranged from 0.999 999 988 (HUI) to 0.999 999 993 (UGR), and the combined power of discrimination ranged from 0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999 983 (HAN) to 0.999 999 999 999 999 999 999 997 (UGR). Genetic distances, principal component analysis (PCA), STRUCTURE analysis, and the phylogenetic tree showed that genetic affinity among studied populations is consistent with linguistic, ethnic, and geographical classifications.
中国新疆维吾尔自治区（XUARC）聚居着近50个民族，包括维吾尔族（UGR：45.84%）、汉族（HAN：40.48%）、哈萨克族（KZK：6.50%）、回族（HUI：4.51%）、柯尔克孜族（KGZ：0.86%）、蒙古族（MGL：0.81%）、满族（MCH：0.11%）和乌兹别克族（UZK：0.066%），这使其成为文化和基因多样性极为丰富、色彩斑斓的地区之一。在我们之前的研究中，我们使用AmpFlSTR® Identifiler PCR扩增试剂盒，为来自XUARC的四个少数民族群体（MCH、KGZ、MGL和UZK）建立了14个常染色体短串联重复序列（STR）的等位基因频率数据库。在本研究中，我们使用GoldenEye™ 20A试剂盒（北京基点认知技术有限公司，中国北京）对2121份样本进行基因分型，该试剂盒可扩增四个主要民族群体（UGR、HAN、KZK和HUI）的19个常染色体STR基因座。这些群体占XUARC总人口的97.33%。这些群体中所有19个STR的等位基因总数在232（HAN）至224（KZK）之间。经连续Bonferroni校正后，我们未观察到这些群体偏离哈迪-温伯格平衡（HWE）。我们确实发现少数基因座的成对组合存在极小程度的连锁不平衡（LE）偏离。不同群体的匹配概率范围为1.66×10分之一（HAN）至6.05×10分之一（HUI），联合排除概率范围为0.999999988（HUI）至0.999999993（UGR），联合鉴别概率范围为0.999999999999999999999999983（HAN）至0.999999999999999999999999997（UGR）。遗传距离、主成分分析（PCA）、STRUCTURE分析和系统发育树表明，所研究群体之间的遗传亲和力与语言、民族和地理分类一致。
