Balamurugan Vinayagamurthy, Varghese Bibitha, Kumar Kirubakaran Vinod, Muthuchelvan Dhanavelu, Dheeraj R, Govindaraj Gurrappanaidu, Suresh Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa, Hemadri Divakar, Roy Parimal
Indian Council of Agricultural Research - National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Division of Virology, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India.
Vet World. 2020 Aug;13(8):1573-1580. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1573-1580. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a contagious, World Organization for Animal Health notifiable, economically important, transboundary morbilliviral disease of sheep and goats. Studying seroprevalence of PPR from different geographical areas under varying agro-climatic conditions may help in formulating effective and appropriate disease control strategies under the ongoing national PPR control program. The present cross-sectional study describes the prevalence of PPR virus antibodies in sheep and goats in the various epidemiological units in different states (Haryana, Himachal Pradesh [HP], Jammu and Kashmir [J&K], Punjab, Uttarakhand [UK], and Uttar Pradesh [UP]) of the northern region of India.
A total of 5843 serum samples (sheep [n=2463] and goats [n=3380]) were collected by stratified random sampling method from 322 epidemiological units in the studied region during 2017-2018 and tested for PPR virus (PPRV) antibodies by competitive ELISA.
The results revealed that an overall seroprevalence of 44.05% (2574/5843) with 57.32%, 55.22%, 65.69%, 37.09%, 32.73%, and 29.35% prevalence of PPRV antibodies in small ruminants in Haryana, Punjab, UP, HP, J&K, and UK states, respectively. Further, Chi-squared test revealed an association of PPRV antibodies in goats (χ=252.28, p<0.01) and sheep (χ=192.12, p<0.01) across different states in the region.
The seroprevalence in majority of the epidemiological units (n=130) in sheep and goats in the studied region had <30%. This necessitates comprehensive, rigorous, continuous vaccination and active surveillance programs for few more years to achieve the desired 70% seroprevalence level of PPRV antibodies in population and to make the northern region of India, as PPR free zone.
小反刍兽疫（PPR）是一种具有传染性、世界动物卫生组织规定须通报的、对经济有重要影响的跨界麻疹病毒病，感染绵羊和山羊。研究不同农业气候条件下不同地理区域的小反刍兽疫血清流行情况，可能有助于在当前国家小反刍兽疫防控计划下制定有效且合适的疾病控制策略。本横断面研究描述了印度北部不同邦（哈里亚纳邦、喜马偕尔邦[HP]、查谟和克什米尔邦[J&K]、旁遮普邦、北阿坎德邦[UK]和北方邦[UP]）各流行病学单位绵羊和山羊中小反刍兽疫病毒抗体的流行情况。
2017 - 2018年期间，通过分层随机抽样方法从研究区域的322个流行病学单位收集了总共5843份血清样本（绵羊[n = 2463]和山羊[n = 3380]），并通过竞争ELISA检测小反刍兽疫病毒（PPRV）抗体。
结果显示总体血清流行率为44.05%（2574/5843），其中哈里亚纳邦、旁遮普邦、北方邦、喜马偕尔邦、查谟和克什米尔邦以及北阿坎德邦小反刍兽中PPRV抗体流行率分别为57.32%、55.22%、65.69%、37.09%、32.73%和29.35%。此外，卡方检验显示该地区不同邦的山羊（χ = 252.28，p < 0.01）和绵羊（χ = 192.12，p < 0.01）中PPRV抗体存在关联。
研究区域内大多数流行病学单位（n = 130）的绵羊和山羊血清流行率低于30%。这就需要在未来几年实施全面、严格、持续的疫苗接种和主动监测计划，以达到群体中PPRV抗体70%的期望血清流行率水平，并使印度北部地区成为无小反刍兽疫区。
