Indian Council of Agricultural Research -National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (ICAR-NIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, Karnataka, India.
Viruses. 2021 Mar 15;13(3):480. doi: 10.3390/v13030480.
This study was aimed to understand the temporal and spatial epidemiology of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in India using national surveillance data available in the National Animal Diseases Referral Expert System (NADRES) along with its control plan undertaken. On analysis of the outbreaks/cases reports in sheep and goats in NADRES database from 1995 to 2019, it was observed that PPR features among the top ten diseases and stands first among viral diseases, and among reported deaths, PPR accounts for 36% of mortality in sheep and goats. PPR outbreaks occur round the year in all the seasons but are encountered most frequently during the lean period especially, in the winter season (January to February) in different regions/zones. The reported outbreaks have been progressively declined in most of the states in India due to the implementation of a mass vaccination strategic program since 2011. On state-wise analysis, the PPR risk-areas showed wide variations with different levels of endemicity. Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, and Karnataka were the top three outbreaks reported states during 1995-2010, whereas Jharkhand and West Bengal states reported more outbreaks during 2011-2015 and 2016-2019 periods. The temporal and spatial distribution of PPR in India provides valuable information on the hotspot areas/zones to take appropriate policy decisions towards its prevention and control in different regions/zones of India. The study also identifies when and where intensive surveillance and vaccination along with biosecurity measures need to be implemented for the control and eradication of the disease from India in consonance with the PPR Global Control and Eradication Strategy.
本研究旨在利用国家动物疾病参考专家系统（NADRES）中提供的国家监测数据及其控制计划，了解印度小反刍动物疫病（PPR）的时空流行病学。对 NADRES 数据库中 1995 年至 2019 年绵羊和山羊暴发/病例报告的分析表明，PPR 是十大疾病之一，在病毒性疾病中排名第一，在报告的死亡病例中，PPR 占绵羊和山羊死亡的 36%。PPR 暴发一年四季都有发生，但在淡季，特别是不同地区/区域的冬季（1 月至 2 月）更为频繁。由于自 2011 年以来实施了大规模疫苗接种战略计划，印度大多数州的报告暴发病例呈逐渐下降趋势。在州际分析中，PPR 风险地区的流行程度存在很大差异，呈现不同的流行程度。安得拉邦、西孟加拉邦和卡纳塔克邦是 1995-2010 年报告病例最多的三个州，而恰尔康得邦和西孟加拉邦在 2011-2015 年和 2016-2019 年期间报告的病例更多。印度 PPR 的时空分布为不同地区/区域的疾病预防和控制提供了有关热点地区/区域的有价值信息。该研究还确定了何时何地需要进行强化监测和疫苗接种以及生物安全措施，以符合 PPR 全球控制和根除战略，从印度控制和根除该疾病。
