Reddy P Ravi Kanth, Yasaswini Duvvuru, Reddy P Pandu Ranga, Zeineldin Mohamed, Adegbeye M J, Hyder Iqbal
Veterinary Dispensary, Taticherla, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, India.
Vet World. 2020 Aug;13(8):1685-1696. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1685-1696. Epub 2020 Aug 26.
The rapid expansion of nanotechnology has been transforming the food industry by increasing market share and expenditure. Although nanotechnology offers promising benefits as feed additives, their usage in equines is primarily geared toward immunotherapy, hyper-immunization techniques, drug delivery systems, grooming activities, and therapeutic purposes. Nanoparticles could be engaged as alternatives for antibiotic feed additives to prevent foal diarrhea. Gold nanoparticles are proved to provide beneficial effects for racehorses by healing joint and tendon injuries. Because of the poor bioavailability of micro-sized mineral salts, the usage of nano-minerals is highly encourageable to improve the performance of racehorses. Nano-Vitamin E and enzyme CoQ10 for equines are no longer a simple research topic because of the increased commercial availability. Employing nanotechnology-based preservatives may offer a promising alternative to other conventional preservatives in preserving the quality of equine feed items, even during an extended storage period. While nanoparticles as feed additives may provide multitudinous benefits on equines, they could elicit allergic or toxic responses in case of improper synthesis aids or inappropriate dosages. The safety of nano-feed additives remains uninvestigated and necessitates the additional risk assessment, especially during their usage for a prolonged period. To adopt nano-feed additives in horses, there is an extreme paucity of information regarding the validity of various levels or forms of nanoparticles. Further, the currently available toxicological database on the topic of nano-feed additives is not at all related to equines and even inadequate for other livestock species. This review aims to provide new insights into possible future research pertaining to the usage of nano-feed additives in equines.
纳米技术的迅速发展通过增加市场份额和支出正在改变食品工业。尽管纳米技术作为饲料添加剂具有诸多潜在益处，但其在马类中的应用主要集中在免疫疗法、超免疫技术、药物递送系统、护理活动及治疗目的等方面。纳米颗粒可作为抗生素饲料添加剂的替代品用于预防马驹腹泻。已证实金纳米颗粒可通过治愈关节和肌腱损伤为赛马带来有益效果。由于微米级矿物盐的生物利用度较差，因此大力鼓励使用纳米矿物以提高赛马的性能。由于商业可得性增加，用于马类的纳米维生素E和辅酶Q10已不再只是一个简单的研究课题。采用基于纳米技术的防腐剂在保存马类饲料品质方面可能是一种比其他传统防腐剂更有前景的选择，即使在延长的储存期内也是如此。虽然纳米颗粒作为饲料添加剂可能给马类带来诸多益处，但如果合成助剂不当或剂量不合适，它们可能引发过敏或毒性反应。纳米饲料添加剂的安全性仍未得到研究，需要进行额外的风险评估，尤其是在长期使用期间。要在马匹中采用纳米饲料添加剂，关于不同水平或形式纳米颗粒有效性的信息极为匮乏。此外，目前关于纳米饲料添加剂这一主题的毒理学数据库与马类毫无关联，甚至对其他家畜物种而言也不够充分。本综述旨在为未来有关纳米饲料添加剂在马类中应用的可能研究提供新见解。
