Dahl Alv A, Grotmol Kjersti Støen, Hjermstad Marianne Jensen, Kiserud Cecilie Essholt, Loge Jon Håvard
National Advisory Unit On Late Effects After Cancer Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2020 Oct 9;19:60. doi: 10.1186/s12991-020-00311-5. eCollection 2020.
Population-based reference data on frequently used questionnaires are important for comparative purposes. Due to changes in health and lifestyles, such data should be updated every other decade. The objectives of this study were to establish Norwegian population-based reference data on the Fatigue Questionnaire (FQ) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) on depression, to compare the FQ-scores with our previous reference data from 1996, and to explore the relationship between the scores on these two instruments.
In 2015, a representative sample of 6,012 Norwegians aged 18-80 years was mailed a questionnaire including the FQ and the PHQ-9, and 36% responded. Complete FQ-scores were delivered by 2,041 subjects, and complete PHQ-9 scores by 2,086 subjects. The scores are displayed according to sex and 10-year age groups.
Few 2015 mean scores of mental, physical, and total fatigue differed significantly from those of 1996, and the same was found for the prevalence rates of chronic fatigue. The exception was a significantly lower prevalence in 2015 of mean fatigue scores and prevalence of chronic fatigue in females ≥ 60 years. The prevalence of major depressive episode (MDE) based on the PHQ-9 sum score cut-off ≥ 10 was 5.9% for males and 9.8% for females, and 2.5% and 3.8% using a DSM-based algorithm with at least five endorsed criteria including either anhedonia or depressed mood. The correlation between the FQ and the PHQ-9 was 0.59, implying 36% shared variance.
This study showed considerable interrelationship between the FQ and the PHQ-9 constructs. The reference data show that scores on the FQ have only improved significantly in persons aged 60 or more years between 1996 and 2015. Our prevalence findings of MDE based on the PHQ-9 are in accordance with the findings from other countries. The FQ and the PHQ-9 should be used together in epidemiological and clinical studies.
基于人群的常用问卷参考数据对于比较目的而言非常重要。由于健康状况和生活方式的变化，此类数据应每隔十年更新一次。本研究的目的是建立挪威基于人群的关于疲劳问卷（FQ）和用于评估抑郁的患者健康问卷9（PHQ - 9）的参考数据，将FQ得分与我们1996年以前的参考数据进行比较，并探讨这两种工具得分之间的关系。
2015年，向6012名年龄在18 - 80岁的挪威人代表性样本邮寄了一份包含FQ和PHQ - 9的问卷，36%的人做出了回应。2041名受试者提供了完整的FQ得分，2086名受试者提供了完整的PHQ - 9得分。得分按性别和10岁年龄组展示。
2015年精神、身体和总疲劳的平均得分与1996年相比，很少有显著差异，慢性疲劳的患病率也是如此。例外情况是2015年≥60岁女性的平均疲劳得分患病率和慢性疲劳患病率显著较低。基于PHQ - 9总分截断值≥10的重度抑郁发作（MDE）患病率，男性为5.9%，女性为9.8%；使用基于DSM的算法，至少有五个认可标准（包括快感缺失或情绪低落）时，患病率分别为2.5%和3.8%。FQ与PHQ - 9之间的相关性为0.59，意味着有36%的共同方差。
本研究表明FQ和PHQ - 9结构之间存在相当大的相互关系。参考数据显示，1996年至2015年间，只有60岁及以上人群的FQ得分有显著改善。我们基于PHQ - 9得出的MDE患病率与其他国家的研究结果一致。在流行病学和临床研究中应同时使用FQ和PHQ - 9。
