Joshi Ranjila, Andersen Pernille Tanggaard, Thapa Subash, Aro Arja R
Unit for Health Promotion Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
SAGE Open Med. 2020 Sep 28;8:2050312120938287. doi: 10.1177/2050312120938287. eCollection 2020.
Women might be at increased risk of HIV infection after a disaster situation due to several interlinked environmental and social factors, such as increased sex trafficking and prostitution, in resource-limited settings. However, this information has not been clearly understood. Based on the review of available gray and peer-reviewed evidence, the present debate paper summarizes potential factors for increasing women's HIV risk during/after two earthquakes that hit Nepal in 2015. Poverty and socio-economic crisis, displacement and reduced social capital, increased rate of sex trafficking and prostitution, and poor access to health care seem to be the factors to increase women's HIV risk in the earthquake-affected areas of Nepal. There is a lack of essential empirical evidence on environmental and social factors (e.g. increased sex trafficking and prostitution) that are linked with women's HIV risk in the post-disaster phase. Therefore, the factors and interactions discussed should be further studied potentially in disaster-affected areas so that locally and culturally salient and sustainable relief and reconstruction strategies, which include strategies for preventing HIV risk in post-disaster situations, can be developed.
在资源有限的环境中，由于一些相互关联的环境和社会因素，如性交易和卖淫活动增加，灾难发生后女性感染艾滋病毒的风险可能会上升。然而，这一信息尚未得到清晰的理解。基于对现有灰色文献和同行评审证据的综述，本辩论文件总结了2015年尼泊尔发生的两次地震期间及之后增加女性感染艾滋病毒风险的潜在因素。贫困和社会经济危机、流离失所和社会资本减少、性交易和卖淫活动增加以及获得医疗保健的机会有限，似乎是尼泊尔地震受灾地区增加女性感染艾滋病毒风险的因素。在灾难后阶段，缺乏与女性感染艾滋病毒风险相关的环境和社会因素（如性交易和卖淫活动增加）的基本实证证据。因此，应在受灾地区对所讨论的因素及其相互作用进行进一步研究，以便制定具有地方和文化特色的可持续救济和重建战略，其中包括灾后预防艾滋病毒风险的战略。
