Li Xiaolong, Kong Qingquan
Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China.
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Oct 15;34(10):1332-1340. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.201912092.
To summarize the research progress of the regulatory role of microRNA (miRNA) in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its application as a therapeutic target and diagnostic tool in orthopedic diseases.
The recent literature on the regulation of MSCs osteogenic differentiation by miRNAs was extensively reviewed, and its regulatory mechanism and its application as a therapeutic target and diagnostic tool in orthopedic diseases were reviewed.
miRNAs are small endogenous non-coding RNAs with a length of 20-22 nucleotides, which play an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Osteogenesis begins with the differentiation of MSCs into mature osteoblasts, and each stage of dynamic homeostasis of bone metabolism is associated with the regulation of different miRNAs. miRNAs are regulated from the post-transcriptional level by mRNAs cleavage, degradation, translational repression, or methylation. In addition, current studies suggest that miRNAs can be used as a new diagnostic tool and therapeutic target for orthopedic diseases.
Further study on the regulation mechanism of miRNAs will provide more ideas for finding new therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools for orthopedic disease.
总结微小RNA（miRNA）在间充质干细胞（MSC）成骨分化中的调控作用及其作为骨科疾病治疗靶点和诊断工具的研究进展。
广泛回顾了近期关于miRNA对MSC成骨分化调控的文献，并对其调控机制及其作为骨科疾病治疗靶点和诊断工具的应用进行了综述。
miRNA是长度为20 - 22个核苷酸的内源性非编码小RNA，在MSC成骨分化中起重要作用。成骨过程始于MSC分化为成熟成骨细胞，骨代谢动态平衡的每个阶段都与不同miRNA的调控相关。miRNA通过mRNA切割、降解、翻译抑制或甲基化从转录后水平进行调控。此外，目前的研究表明，miRNA可作为骨科疾病的新型诊断工具和治疗靶点。
对miRNA调控机制的进一步研究将为寻找骨科疾病新的治疗靶点和诊断工具提供更多思路。
