University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Broward Health Systems, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2021 Dec;48(6):795-804. doi: 10.1177/1090198120960395. Epub 2020 Oct 16.
U.S. Hispanic/Latino construction workers constitute a large and historically underserved group in terms of smoking cessation services. Using formative research, we developed a worksite smoking cessation intervention tailored to the life/work circumstances of these workers.
This study aims to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of the developed intervention "Enhanced Care" (EC; one group behavioral counseling session provided around the food truck + fax referral to tobacco quitline [QL] + 8-week nicotine replacement treatment [NRT]) compared with "Standard Care" (SC; fax referral to tobacco QL + 8-week NRT) in a pilot, two-arm, cluster randomized controlled trial.
In collaboration with construction site safety managers, a sample of 17 construction sites (EC: nine sites/65 smokers; SC: eight sites/69 smokers) was enrolled. Participants received two follow-ups at 3 and 6 months after enrollment. Feasibility outcomes were enrollment rate, adherence to treatment, and 6-month retention rates. The primary efficacy outcome was 6 months prolonged abstinence verified by expired carbon monoxide <10 ppm.
Enrollment rate was high (85.9%). Six-month follow-up rates were acceptable (EC = 76.9%, SC = 66.6%). Adherence to treatment was better in the EC group (received worksite intervention: EC = 93.8%, SC = 88.4%; contacted by QL: EC = 49.2%, SC = 40.6%). Abstinence rates were 27.7% for the EC and 20.3% for the SC ( = .315).
The developed intervention was feasible and acceptable, and it substantially improved abstinence among Hispanic/Latino workers. The involvement of safety managers was essential to the implementation of the intervention. Training safety managers to deliver the intervention has great potential to implement a sustainable smoking cessation service in the construction sector.
在美国，西班牙裔/拉丁裔建筑工人在获得戒烟服务方面是一个庞大且历史上服务不足的群体。通过使用形成性研究，我们开发了一种针对这些工人的生活/工作环境量身定制的工作场所戒烟干预措施。
本研究旨在检验开发的干预措施“强化护理”（EC；在食品车周围提供一次小组行为咨询+传真转诊至烟草戒烟热线[QL]+8 周尼古丁替代治疗[NRT]）与“标准护理”（SC；传真转诊至烟草 QL+8 周 NRT）相比，在一项试点、双臂、聚类随机对照试验中，其可行性、可接受性和潜在疗效。
与建筑工地安全经理合作，招募了 17 个建筑工地（EC：9 个工地/65 名吸烟者；SC：8 个工地/69 名吸烟者）。参与者在登记后 3 个月和 6 个月进行了两次随访。可行性结果是登记率、治疗依从性和 6 个月保留率。主要疗效结果是通过呼出的一氧化碳<10ppm 验证的 6 个月持续戒烟。
登记率很高（85.9%）。6 个月的随访率是可以接受的（EC=76.9%，SC=66.6%）。EC 组的治疗依从性更好（接受工地干预：EC=93.8%，SC=88.4%；与 QL 联系：EC=49.2%，SC=40.6%）。EC 组的戒烟率为 27.7%，SC 组为 20.3%（=0.315）。
开发的干预措施是可行和可接受的，它大大提高了西班牙裔/拉丁裔工人的戒烟率。安全经理的参与对于干预措施的实施至关重要。培训安全经理提供干预措施具有在建筑行业实施可持续戒烟服务的巨大潜力。
