在德国用谷歌搜索蜱虫和莱姆病：2015 年至 2018 年的全国谷歌搜索分析。
Googling for Ticks and Borreliosis in Germany: Nationwide Google Search Analysis From 2015 to 2018.
机构信息
Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
出版信息
J Med Internet Res. 2020 Oct 16;22(10):e18581. doi: 10.2196/18581.
BACKGROUND
Borreliosis is the most frequently transmitted tick-borne disease in Europe. It is difficult to estimate the incidence of tick bites and associated diseases in the German population due to the lack of an obligation to register across all 16 federal states of Germany.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to show that Google data can be used to generate general trends of infectious diseases on the basis of borreliosis and tick bites. In addition, the possibility of using Google AdWord data to estimate incidences of infectious diseases, where there is inconsistency in the obligation to notify authorities, is investigated with the perspective to facilitate public health studies.
METHODS
Google AdWords Keyword Planner was used to identify search terms related to ticks and borreliosis in Germany from January 2015 to December 2018. The search volume data from the identified search terms was assessed using Excel version 15.23. In addition, SPSS version 24.0 was used to calculate the correlation between search volumes, registered cases, and temperature.
RESULTS
A total of 1999 tick-related and 542 borreliosis-related search terms were identified, with a total of 209,679,640 Google searches in all 16 German federal states in the period under review. The analysis showed a high correlation between temperature and borreliosis (r=0.88), and temperature and tick bite (r=0.83), and a very high correlation between borreliosis and tick bite (r=0.94). Furthermore, a high to very high correlation between Google searches and registered cases in each federal state was observed (Brandenburg r=0.80, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania r= 0.77, Saxony r= 0.74, and Saxony-Anhalt r=0.90; all P<.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study provides insight into annual trends concerning interest in ticks and borreliosis that are relevant to the German population exemplary in the data of a large internet search engine. Public health studies collecting incidence data may benefit from the results indicating a significant correlation between internet search data and incidences of infectious diseases.
背景
伯氏疏螺旋体病是欧洲最常见的蜱传疾病。由于德国 16 个联邦州缺乏登记义务，因此难以估计德国人群中蜱叮咬和相关疾病的发病率。
目的
本研究旨在展示基于伯氏疏螺旋体病和蜱叮咬，谷歌数据可用于生成传染病的一般趋势。此外，还探讨了使用谷歌 AdWord 数据来估计传染病发病率的可能性，在这种情况下，向当局报告的义务不一致，以期为公共卫生研究提供便利。
方法
使用谷歌 AdWords 关键词规划师，从 2015 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月，在德国识别与蜱和伯氏疏螺旋体病相关的搜索词。使用 Excel 版本 15.23 评估所识别搜索词的搜索量数据。此外，还使用 SPSS 版本 24.0 计算搜索量、登记病例和温度之间的相关性。
结果
共确定了 1999 个与蜱相关和 542 个与伯氏疏螺旋体病相关的搜索词，在审查期间，16 个德国联邦州共进行了 209679640 次谷歌搜索。分析显示，温度与伯氏疏螺旋体病（r=0.88）和温度与蜱叮咬（r=0.83）之间存在高度相关性，伯氏疏螺旋体病与蜱叮咬之间存在非常高的相关性（r=0.94）。此外，在每个联邦州，谷歌搜索与登记病例之间存在高度至非常高的相关性（勃兰登堡 r=0.80，梅克伦堡-前波莫瑞州 r=0.77，萨克森 r=0.74，萨克森-安哈尔特州 r=0.90；均 P<.001）。
结论
本研究深入了解了与德国人口相关的蜱和伯氏疏螺旋体病的年度趋势，这是从大型互联网搜索引擎的数据中获得的。收集发病率数据的公共卫生研究可能会受益于表明互联网搜索数据与传染病发病率之间存在显著相关性的结果。
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