Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Oct 14;12(10):657. doi: 10.3390/toxins12100657.
poses a serious threat to small ruminants by causing moderate to severe enterotoxaemia. Due to its ability to produce a wide arsenal of toxins, it is ranked among the most prevalent and important pathogens in livestock. This study focused on the molecular characterization of different types along with their antimicrobial resistance profile. An overall higher prevalence of (46.1%) was detected based on mPCR among sheep and goats (healthy and diseased) in the Punjab province, Pakistan. The majority of the isolates were characterized as type A (82%), followed by type D (18%). Among the isolates from diseased sheep and goats, 27% were positive for , 49% for and , 9% for and , 15% for , and . In the case of isolates from healthy sheep and goats, 59% were positive for 34% for and , 4% for and , and 3% for , and . The prevalence of the toxin gene in the diseased sheep and goat population was 64% as compared to 37% in healthy animals. All 184 isolates (100%) were sensitive to rifampin and ceftiofur; the majority (57%) was sensitive to teicoplanin, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, linezolid and enrofloxacin. A lower proportion of isolates (43%) were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and only 14% were susceptible to erythromycin. The findings of this study highlight the higher prevalence of in small ruminants and indicate that detailed pathogenesis studies are necessary to understand the explicit role of various toxins in causing enteric infections in sheep and goats including how they might be exploited to develop vaccines against these diseases.
该菌通过引起中度至重度肠毒血症,对小反刍动物构成严重威胁。由于其能够产生广泛的毒素武器库,因此被列为畜牧业中最普遍和最重要的病原体之一。本研究侧重于不同类型的分子特征及其抗菌药物耐药谱。在巴基斯坦旁遮普省,基于 mPCR 在绵羊和山羊(健康和患病)中检测到的 (46.1%)总体流行率较高。大多数分离株被鉴定为 A 型(82%),其次是 D 型(18%)。在患病绵羊和山羊的分离株中,27%为 阳性,49%为 阳性, 阳性, 阳性, 阳性, 阳性。在健康绵羊和山羊的分离株中,59%为 阳性,34%为 阳性,4%为 阳性, 阳性, 阳性, 阳性。与健康动物相比,患病绵羊和山羊群体中 毒素基因的流行率为 64%,而健康动物中为 37%。184 株分离株(100%)均对利福平、头孢噻呋敏感;大多数(57%)对替考拉宁、氯霉素、阿莫西林、利奈唑胺和恩诺沙星敏感。对环丙沙星敏感的分离株比例较低(43%),只有 14%对红霉素敏感。本研究结果表明,小反刍动物中 流行率较高,表明需要进行详细的发病机制研究,以了解各种毒素在引起绵羊和山羊肠道感染中的明确作用,包括如何利用这些毒素来开发针对这些疾病的疫苗。