Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2020;356:291-322. doi: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.06.004. Epub 2020 Jul 16.
The view that myosins, which are actin based molecular motors, are only driving muscle contraction evolved a lot during the last decades. Nowadays, it is known that they reshape the actin skeleton, anchor or transport vesicles, organelles as well as protein complexes. Here, we review how their role in cell division, polarization, migration and death is related to the cancer phenotype. We will further focus our attention on recent evidences suggesting that these central roles make them prime biomarker candidates for the prognosis of various cancers. Finally, we will discuss emerging evidences raising myosins as new therapeutic targets to fight malignant tumors.
在过去的几十年中，人们对于肌球蛋白（一种基于肌动蛋白的分子马达）的观点发生了很大的变化。如今，人们已经知道它们可以重塑肌动蛋白骨架、固定或运输囊泡、细胞器以及蛋白质复合物。在这里，我们将回顾它们在细胞分裂、极化、迁移和死亡中的作用与癌症表型的关系。我们将进一步关注最近的证据，这些证据表明它们在细胞分裂、极化、迁移和死亡中的核心作用使它们成为各种癌症预后的主要生物标志物候选物。最后，我们将讨论新兴的证据表明肌球蛋白是治疗恶性肿瘤的新靶点。
