Wu X, Jung G, Hammer J A
Laboratory of Cell Biology, Section on Molecular Cell Biology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-0301, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2000 Feb;12(1):42-51. doi: 10.1016/s0955-0674(99)00055-1.
To date, fourteen classes of unconventional myosins have been identified. Recent reports have implicated a number of these myosins in organelle transport, and in the formation, maintenance and/or dynamics of actin-rich structures involved in a variety of cellular processes including endocytosis, cell migration, and sensory transduction. Characterizations of organelle dynamics in pigment cells and neurons have further defined the contributions made by unconventional myosins and microtubule motors to the transport and distribution of organelles. Several studies have provided evidence of complexes through which cooperative organelle transport may be coordinated. Finally, the myosin superfamily has been shown to contain at least one processive motor and one backwards motor.
迄今为止，已鉴定出十四类非常规肌球蛋白。最近的报告表明，其中许多肌球蛋白参与细胞器运输，以及参与包括内吞作用、细胞迁移和感觉转导在内的各种细胞过程的富含肌动蛋白结构的形成、维持和/或动态变化。对色素细胞和神经元中细胞器动态变化的表征进一步明确了非常规肌球蛋白和微管马达对细胞器运输和分布的贡献。多项研究提供了可能协调细胞器协同运输的复合物的证据。最后，已证明肌球蛋白超家族包含至少一种持续性马达和一种反向马达。
