Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, 4001, Switzerland.
European Center of Pharmaceutical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, 4056, Switzerland.
Pharmacogenomics J. 2021 Aug;21(4):423-434. doi: 10.1038/s41397-020-00195-4. Epub 2020 Oct 17.
Implementation of pharmacogenetics (PGx) and individualization of drug therapy is supposed to obviate adverse drug reactions or therapy failure. Health care professionals (HCPs) use drug labels (DLs) as reliable information about drugs. We analyzed the Swiss DLs to give an overview on the currently available PGx instructions. We screened 4306 DLs applying natural language processing focusing on drug metabolism (pharmacokinetics) and we assigned PGx levels following the classification system of PharmGKB. From 5979 hits, 2564 were classified as PGx-relevant affecting 167 substances. 55% (n = 93) were classified as "actionable PGx". Frequently, PGx information appeared in the pharmacokinetics section and in DLs of the anatomic group "nervous system". Unstandardized wording, appearance of PGx information in different sections and unclear instructions challenge HCPs to identify and interpret PGx information and translate it into practice. HCPs need harmonization and standardization of PGx information in DLs to personalize drug therapies and tailor pharmaceutical care.
实施药物遗传学（PGx）并个体化药物治疗，旨在避免药物不良反应或治疗失败。医疗保健专业人员（HCPs）将药品标签（DLs）用作有关药物的可靠信息。我们分析了瑞士的 DLs，以概述当前可用的 PGx 说明。我们应用自然语言处理筛选了 4306 个 DLs，重点关注药物代谢（药代动力学），并根据 PharmGKB 的分类系统分配 PGx 水平。在 5979 个命中中，有 2564 个被归类为与 PGx 相关，影响 167 种物质。其中 55%（n=93）被归类为“可操作的 PGx”。PGx 信息经常出现在药代动力学部分和“神经系统”解剖组的 DLs 中。非标准化的措辞、PGx 信息出现在不同部分以及不明确的说明，使 HCPs 在识别和解释 PGx 信息并将其转化为实践方面面临挑战。HCPs 需要在 DLs 中对 PGx 信息进行协调和标准化，以实现药物治疗的个体化和定制药物护理。
