Rodrigo-Carranza Víctor, González-Mohíno Fernando, Santos-Concejero Jordan, González-Ravé Jose Maria
Sport Training Lab, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Facultad de Lenguas y Educación, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain.
Front Physiol. 2020 Sep 23;11:573660. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.573660. eCollection 2020.
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of adding shoe mass on running economy (RE), gait characteristics, neuromuscular variables and performance in a group of trained runners.
Eleven trained runners (6 men and 5 women) completed four evaluation sessions separated by at least 7 days. The first session consisted of a maximal incremental test where the second ventilatory threshold (VT) and the speed associated to the VO (vVO) were calculated. In the next sessions, RE at 75, 85, and 95% of the VT and the time to exhaustion (TTE) at vVO were assessed in three different shoe mass conditions (control, +50 g and +100 g) in a randomized, counterbalanced crossover design. Biomechanical and neuromuscular variables, blood lactate and energy expenditure were measured during the TTE test.
RE worsened with the increment of shoe mass (Control vs. 100 g) at 85% (7.40%, 4.409 ± 0.29 and 4.735 ± 0.27 kJ⋅kg⋅km, = 0.021) and 95% (10.21%, 4.298 ± 0.24 and 4.737 ± 0.45 kJ⋅kg⋅km, = 0.005) of VT. HR significantly increased with the addition of mass (50 g) at 75% of VT ( = 0.01) and at 75, 85, and 95% of VT ( = 0.035, 0.03, and 0.03, respectively) with the addition of 100 g. TTE was significantly longer (∼22%, ∼42 s, = 0.002, = 0.149) in the Control condition vs. 100 g condition, but not between Control vs. 50 g (∼24 s, = 0.094, = 0.068).
Overall, our findings suggest that adding 100 g per shoe impairs running economy and performance in trained runners without changes in gait characteristics or neuromuscular variables. These findings further support the use of light footwear to optimize running performance.
本研究旨在评估增加鞋子重量对一组训练有素的跑步者的跑步经济性（RE）、步态特征、神经肌肉变量和运动表现的影响。
11名训练有素的跑步者（6名男性和5名女性）完成了四个评估阶段，每个阶段间隔至少7天。第一阶段包括一次最大递增测试，计算第二通气阈值（VT）和与VO相关的速度（vVO）。在接下来的阶段中，采用随机、平衡交叉设计，在三种不同的鞋子重量条件下（对照组、+50克和+100克）评估VT的75%、85%和95%时的RE以及vVO时的疲劳时间（TTE）。在TTE测试期间测量生物力学和神经肌肉变量、血乳酸和能量消耗。
在VT的85%（7.40%，4.409±0.29和4.735±0.27千焦·千克·千米，P = 0.021）和95%（10.21%，4.298±0.24和4.737±0.45千焦·千克·千米，P = 0.005）时，RE随着鞋子重量的增加（对照组与100克组相比）而变差。在VT的75%时，增加50克重量后心率显著增加（P = 0.01），增加100克重量后，在VT的75%、85%和95%时心率也显著增加（分别为P = 0.035、0.03和0.03）。与100克条件相比，对照组的TTE显著更长（约22%，约42秒，P = 0.002，P = 0.149），但对照组与50克条件之间没有差异（约24秒，P = 0.094，P = 0.068）。
总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，每只鞋增加100克会损害训练有素的跑步者的跑步经济性和运动表现，而步态特征或神经肌肉变量没有变化。这些发现进一步支持使用轻质跑鞋来优化跑步表现。
