Jones Bethany J, Kaur Sukhmanjit, Miller Michele, Spencer Rebecca M C
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States.
Neuroscience and Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2020 Sep 18;11:572980. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.572980. eCollection 2020.
Factors such as psychological well-being, sleep quality, and athletic coping skills can influence athletic performance. Mindfulness-based interventions, including mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), have been shown to benefit these factors, suggesting they may, at least indirectly, benefit athletic performance. Moreover, while mindfulness training has been linked to better accuracy in some high-precision sports, whether it can improve non-precision elements of athletic performance is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of MBSR on psychological well-being, sleep, athletic coping skills, and rowing performance in collegiate rowers in a controlled experimental design. Members of a Division I NCAA Women's Rowing team completed either an 8-week MBSR course along with their regular athletic training program (Intervention group) or the athletic training program alone (Control group). Measurements of interest were taken at baseline and again either during or shortly following the intervention. In contrast to the Control group, the Intervention group showed improvements in psychological well-being, subjective and objective sleep quality, athletic coping skills, and rowing performance as measured by a 6,000-m ergometer test. Improvements in athletic coping skills, psychological well-being, and subjective sleep quality were all correlated with increases in mindfulness in the Intervention group. These results suggest that mindfulness training may benefit non-precision aspects of athletic performance. Incorporating mindfulness training into athletic training programs may benefit quality of life and performance in student athletes.
心理健康、睡眠质量和运动应对技能等因素会影响运动表现。基于正念的干预措施，包括基于正念的减压疗法（MBSR），已被证明对这些因素有益，这表明它们可能至少间接地有益于运动表现。此外，虽然正念训练与一些高精度运动中更好的准确性有关，但它是否能改善运动表现的非精确要素尚不清楚。本研究的目的是在一项对照实验设计中，调查MBSR对大学赛艇运动员的心理健康、睡眠、运动应对技能和赛艇表现的影响。一支美国大学体育总会（NCAA）一级女子赛艇队的队员要么参加为期8周的MBSR课程并结合其常规运动训练计划（干预组），要么只参加运动训练计划（对照组）。在基线时以及干预期间或干预后不久再次进行感兴趣的测量。与对照组相比，干预组在心理健康、主观和客观睡眠质量、运动应对技能以及通过6000米测力计测试测量的赛艇表现方面均有改善。干预组运动应对技能、心理健康和主观睡眠质量的改善均与正念的增加相关。这些结果表明，正念训练可能有益于运动表现的非精确方面。将正念训练纳入运动训练计划可能有益于学生运动员的生活质量和表现。
