Bilgoe S C, den Hollander S, van Rensberg Dc Janse, Hendricks S, Kerkhoffs G, Gouttebarge V
Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports (ACHSS), IOC Research Center of Excellence, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
S Afr J Sports Med. 2025 Feb 15;37(1):v37i1a18811. doi: 10.17159/2078-516X/2025/v37i1a18811. eCollection 2025.
Elite athletes encounter various situations and conditions that may disrupt their sleep, a crucial factor for optimal performance and well-being.
The aim of this study was to synthesise existing research on the effect of sleep interventions on sleep quantity and quality in elite sports and to provide evidence-based guidance for athletes, coaches, and other stakeholders in elite sports who seek to enhance sleep quantity and quality.
This review followed the PRISMA guidelines, whereas the search was executed in September 2023 utilising the electronic databases SCOPUS, PubMed and Web of Science. Studies were included if they met the inclusion criteria.
A total of 1014 studies were retrieved from the databases, and data extraction was performed on 32 studies. The included studies evaluated sleep hygiene education/strategies, acute cold exposure, light therapies, supplementation, neurostimulation/neurofeedback, and other (mindfulness and massage therapy) strategies. Sleep hygiene education was the most effective intervention to improve sleep quantity. Supplementation and light therapy interventions showed improved sleep quality and quantity. Additionally, cold water immersion and mindfulness showed improved sleep quality, but further studies are required for confirmation.
Future research should use reliable and valid methods to improve the quality of evidence and ensure conclusive findings.
精英运动员会遇到各种可能扰乱其睡眠的情况和条件，而睡眠是实现最佳表现和保持健康的关键因素。
本研究的目的是综合现有关于睡眠干预对精英运动中睡眠数量和质量影响的研究，并为寻求提高睡眠数量和质量的精英运动中的运动员、教练及其他利益相关者提供循证指导。
本综述遵循PRISMA指南，于2023年9月利用电子数据库SCOPUS、PubMed和科学网进行检索。符合纳入标准的研究被纳入。
从数据库中检索到共1014项研究，并对32项研究进行了数据提取。纳入的研究评估了睡眠卫生教育/策略、急性冷暴露、光照疗法、补充剂、神经刺激/神经反馈以及其他（正念和按摩疗法）策略。睡眠卫生教育是改善睡眠数量最有效的干预措施。补充剂和光照疗法干预显示睡眠质量和数量均有所改善。此外，冷水浸泡和正念显示睡眠质量有所改善，但需要进一步研究予以证实。
未来的研究应采用可靠且有效的方法来提高证据质量并确保得出确凿的结果。
